View source for Oncosiphon

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Oncosiphon
|accepted_authority=Källersjö
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bot. J. Linn. Soc.
|place=96: 310, figs. 2F, 6, 16E1, 16E2. 1988
|year=1988
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae;Oncosiphon
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Oncosiphon]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek onkos, swelling, and siphon, tube; allusion unclear
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 53, 487
|treatment_page=page 539
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> 5–15 (–50+) cm (usually strongly scented).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem coloration"><b>Stems </b>1–5+ from bases, erect to ascending, branched ± throughout, ± puberulent or sparsely strigillose (hairs basifixed) and gland-dotted [glabrous].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>mostly cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;ultimate margin architecture or shape;face pubescence;face pubescence;face coloration">blades ovate to obovate [linear], usually [1–] 2 (–3) -pinnately lobed, ultimate margins entire, faces ± puberulent or sparsely strigillose and gland-dotted [glabrous].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or shape;head arrangement;head arrangement;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>discoid [radiate], borne singly or in corymbiform arrays (pedunculate).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre width;involucre diameter;involucre diameter;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>± hemispheric or broader [cylindric], [3–] 4–6 [–8+] mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary life cycle;phyllary atypical quantity;phyllary atypical quantity;phyllary quantity;phyllary fusion;phyllary shape;phyllary size;series quantity;margin texture;apex texture"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent or tardily falling (± reflexed in fruit), [15–] 22–35 [–60+] in 3–4+ series, distinct, lance-triangular to ± ovate or elliptic (± navicular, carinate, sometimes each with central resin canal), unequal, margins and apices scarious.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle shape;receptacle shape;receptacle shape;receptacle shape;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>[± flat] hemispheric, ± globose, or conic, epaleate (often muricate).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="ray-floret presence"><b>Ray-</b>florets 0 [to 10, pistillate, fertile; corollas white, laminae ± obovate].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="disc-floret atypical quantity;disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets [20–] 100–250+, bisexual, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;tube shape;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas yellow, tubes ± cylindric (often basally invaginated and ± decurrent onto ovaries; tubes and proximal portions of throats externally continuous and ± dilated with relatively large, quadrate cells, often oblique, fragile when dry, distally constricted and texturally distinct from ± campanulate distal portions of throats), lobes 4, triangular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="cypsela shape;rib quantity;face coloration"><b>Cypselae </b>columnar to prismatic (proximally tapered), ribs 4, faces gland-dotted between ribs, especially adaxially (pericarps without myxogenic cells or resin sacs; embryo-sac development monosporic);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="">pappi coroniform (shorter adaxially), dentate or entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pappus shape;pappus architecture or shape;pappus architecture or shape;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 6, 8.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s Africa;also  in Australia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 8 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Oncosiphon suffruticosum (Linnaeus) Källersjö [Matricaria suffruticosa (Linnaeus) Druce] was collected on ballast at Portland, Oregon, in 1902. It differs from O. piluliferum by smaller (3–5 mm diam.) heads clustered in dense, ± flat-topped, corymbiform arrays. Both O. piluliferum and O. suffruticosum are common weeds in their native southern Africa and in Australia. Both have the potential to become serious pests in western North America. They are unpalatable to livestock and tend to dominate infested pasturelands. When consumed by animals, they taint the flavor of milk and meat.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=kallersjo1988a
|text=Källersjö, M. 1988. A generic re-classification of Pentzia Thunb. (Compositae: Anthemideae) from southern Africa. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 96: 299–322.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Oncosiphon
|author=David J. Keil
|authority=Källersjö
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=s Africa;also  in Australia
|introduced=true
|reference=kallersjo1988a
|publication title=Bot. J. Linn. Soc.
|publication year=1988
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_938.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae
|genus=Oncosiphon
|apex texture=scarious
|array architecture=corymbiform
|blade shape=lobed;ovate;obovate
|corolla coloration=yellow
|cypsela shape=columnar;prismatic
|disc-floret atypical quantity=20;100
|disc-floret quantity=100;250
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face coloration=gland-dotted;gland-dotted
|face pubescence=strigillose;puberulent
|head architecture or shape=discoid
|head arrangement=in corymbiform arrays;singly
|involucre diameter=4mm;6mm
|involucre shape=hemispheric
|involucre width=broader
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe quantity=4
|lobe shape=triangular
|margin texture=scarious
|pappus architecture or shape=entire;dentate
|pappus shape=coroniform
|phyllary atypical quantity=35;60
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary fusion=distinct
|phyllary life cycle=falling
|phyllary quantity=22;35
|phyllary shape=lance-triangular;more or less ovate or elliptic
|phyllary size=unequal
|ray-floret presence=absent
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle shape=conic;globose;conic;globose;hemispheric
|rib quantity=4
|series quantity=3;4
|stem architecture=branched
|stem coloration=gland-dotted
|stem orientation=erect;ascending
|stem pubescence=strigillose;puberulent
|stem quantity=1;5
|tube shape=cylindric
|ultimate margin architecture or shape=entire
|whole-organism atypical some measurement=15cm;50cm
|whole-organism duration=annual
|whole-organism some measurement=5cm;15cm
|x chromosome quantity=8;6
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae]]