View source for Petalonyx ← Petalonyx You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Petalonyx |accepted_authority=A. Gray |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Pl. Nov. Thurb., |place=319. 1854 |year=1854 }} |common_names=Sandpaper plant |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Loasaceae;Petalonyx |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Loasaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Petalonyx]]</div></div> |etymology=Greek petalon, petal, and onyx, claw, alluding to distinctive petal morphology |volume=Volume 12 |mention_page=page 492, 544 |treatment_page=page 543 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Subshrubs </b>or shrubs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trichome atypical quantity;trichome shape;trichome shape;trichome architecture or shape;trichome atypical quantity;trichome architecture or shape;surface architecture or pubescence or relief">trichomes (1) pointed with surfaces ± smooth, notched, or antrorsely barbed, and (2) retrorsely barbed along shaft and at apex.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation"><b>Stems </b>erect or spreading.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole presence;petiole presence">petiole present or absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin architecture or shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">blade ovate, elliptic, lanceolate, or falcate, unlobed, margins dentate, serrate, crenate, or entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties=""><b>Inflorescences </b>racemes or panicles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle prominence">peduncle inconspicuous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel length"><b>Pedicels </b>not elongating in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="hypanthium fusion;hypanthium fusion"><b>Flowers:</b> hypanthium adnate to ovary proximally, free distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="perianth whorl variability">perianth whorls differentiated;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="sepal coloration;sepal fusion;sepal shape;sepal height or length or size">sepals green, connate basally, lanceolate, shorter than petals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="petal coloration;petal fusion;petal fusion;petal shape;petal shape;petal orientation;petal orientation;petal arrangement;petal pubescence;petal pubescence">petals white, distinct or connate, spatulate or obovate, erect proximally, spreading to divaricate distally (corolla salverform or appearing so), glabrous except hairy abaxially on midribs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="nectary position or shape">nectary distal on ovary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen position;all architecture;all shape;all length or size">stamens 5, exserted, filaments monomorphic, filiform, longer than anthers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="">anthers without distal connective extension;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent [present];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="pistil architecture;placenta position">pistil pseudomonomerous, placenta subapical;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="stigma shape;stigma shape;stigma relief">stigma lingulate, 2-lobed, papillate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="fruits cypsela shape;fruits cypsela course"><b>Fruits </b>cypselae, ±clavate, straight;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="sepal duration">sepals persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>1, ovoid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;x chromosome quantity">x = 23.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=w United States;n Mexico |discussion=<p>Species 5 (4 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Petalonyx belongs to subfam. Gronovioideae, which is characterized by relatively small flowers that have five stamens, one ovule, and indehiscent fruits. Petalonyx is most closely related to a clade that consists of Cevallia, Fuertesia Urban, and Gronovia Linnaeus (L. Hufford et al. 2003). Petalonyx crenatus A. Gray ex S. Watson, from Coahuila, Mexico, is the only species of the genus known only from outside the flora area; it can be distinguished from the species treated here by having two anther-bearing stamens and three shorter staminodes, rather than having five anther-bearing stamens.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=davis1967b |text=Davis, W. S. and H. J. Thompson. 1967. A revision of Petalonyx (Loasaceae) with a consideration of affinities in the subfamily Gronovioideae. Madroño 19: 1–18. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades usually elliptic, sometimes falcate, to 5 mm wide, margins entire; petal claws distinct; stamens exserted distally (not laterally between petal claws). |[[Petalonyx linearis|Petalonyx linearis]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades ovate, or if elliptic then to 15–30 mm wide, margins usually serrate, dentate, or crenate, sometimes entire; petal claws postgenitally distally coherent; stamens exserted laterally through slits between petal claws. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Petioles absent; leaf blades with marked size dimorphism, much larger on main stems than on fertile branches; petals to 6.5 mm. |[[Petalonyx thurberi|Petalonyx thurberi]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Petioles 0.5–4 mm; leaf blades without marked size dimorphism; petals 6–15 mm. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Inflorescences 10–30-flowered; petals 6–11 mm; branches of current season 11–37 cm. |[[Petalonyx nitidus|Petalonyx nitidus]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Inflorescences 35–65-flowered; petals 10–15 mm; branches of current season to 13 cm. |[[Petalonyx parryi|Petalonyx parryi]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Petalonyx |author=Larry Hufford |authority=A. Gray |rank=genus |parent rank=family |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Loasaceae |distribution=w United States;n Mexico |reference=davis1967b |publication title=Pl. Nov. Thurb., |publication year=1854 |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V12/V12_215.xml |genus=Petalonyx |all architecture=monomorphic |all length or size=longer |all shape=filiform |blade shape=unlobed;falcate;lanceolate;falcate;lanceolate;elliptic;ovate |fruits cypsela course=straight |fruits cypsela shape=clavate |hypanthium fusion=free;adnate |leaf position=cauline |margin architecture or shape=dentate |margin shape=entire;crenate;entire;crenate;serrate |nectary position or shape=distal |pedicel length=not elongating |peduncle prominence=inconspicuous |perianth whorl variability=differentiated |petal arrangement=divaricate |petal coloration=white |petal fusion=connate;distinct |petal orientation=spreading;erect |petal pubescence=hairy;glabrous |petal shape=obovate;spatulate |petiole presence=absent;absent |pistil architecture=pseudomonomerous |placenta position=subapical |seed quantity=1 |seed shape=ovoid |sepal coloration=green |sepal duration=persistent |sepal fusion=connate |sepal height or length or size=shorter |sepal shape=lanceolate |stamen position=exserted |stamen quantity=5 |staminode presence=absent |stem orientation=spreading;erect |stigma relief=papillate |stigma shape=2-lobed;lingulate |surface architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth |trichome architecture or shape=barbed;barbed |trichome atypical quantity=2;1 |trichome shape=notched;pointed |whole_organism growth form=shrub;subshrub |x chromosome quantity=23 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Loasaceae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Loasaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Petalonyx.