View source for Picris ← Picris You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Picris |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=2: 792. 1753 |year=1753 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. ed. |place=5, 347. 1754 |year=1754 }} |common_names=Oxtongue |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae;Picris |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Picris]]</div></div> |etymology=Greek picris, bitter or sharp; allusion unclear |volume=Volume 19 |mention_page=page 219 |treatment_page=page 302 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> biennials, or perennials, 10–100+ cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism structure subtype;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism structure subtype;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration">tap or fibrous-rooted, sometimes rhizomatous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>usually 1, erect, branched distally, hirsute to hispid or setose (hair tips often 2 [–4] -hooked).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline (mostly cauline at flowering);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="basal leaf architecture;distal leaf architecture">basal ± petiolate, distal sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">blades oblong, ovate, or lanceolate to oblanceolate or linear, margins entire or sinuate-dentate to pinnately lobed (faces hirsute to hispid or setose, hair tips 2 [–4] -hooked).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="array architecture"><b>Heads </b>usually in ± corymbiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle shape;peduncle architecture"><b>Peduncles </b>not inflated distally, sometimes bracteate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bractlet quantity;bractlet shape"><b>Calyculi </b>of 8–13+, lanceolate to lance-linear bractlets (sometimes ± intergrading with phyllaries).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties=""><b>Involucres </b>campanulate to urceolate, 6–12+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter">(sometimes larger in fruit).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="phyllary atypical quantity;phyllary quantity;phyllary shape;phyllary variability;series quantity;margin texture;apex shape"><b>Phyllaries </b>(8–) 13+ in 1–2 series (reflexed in fruit), lanceolate to lance-linear (± flat or navicular proximally, sometimes each ± enfolding its subtended floret), equal, margins often scarious, apices acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle relief;receptacle pubescence;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>flat to convex, ± pitted, glabrous, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="floret quantity"><b>Florets </b>30–100+;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration">corollas yellow, often reddish abaxially.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="cypsela architecture;cypsela coloration;body shape;body architecture or shape;rib quantity;face relief;face pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>homomorphic [heteromorphic], reddish-brown [dark-brown], bodies ± fusiform [compressed-ellipsoid], not beaked [beaks ± developed], ribs 5–10, faces transversely rugulose, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="bristle quantity;bristle coloration;bristle size;bristle architecture;bristle shape;series quantity">pappi falling, of 30–45+, whitish to stramineous, subequal, barbellulate to plumose bristles [scales] in 2–3+ series (basally connate, falling together).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="pappus life cycle;x chromosome quantity">x = 5.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also in tropical Africa;Australia |introduced=true |discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora).</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Annuals; phyllaries navicular proximally, each enfolding its subtended floret; cypselae 2.5– 3 mm |[[Picris rhagadioloides|Picris rhagadioloides]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Biennials or perennials; phyllaries ± flat proximally, not each enfolding its subtended floret; cypselae 3–4(–6) mm |[[Picris hieracioides|Picris hieracioides]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Picris |author=John L. Strother |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Asteraceae |illustrator=Marjorie C. Leggitt |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association |distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also in tropical Africa;Australia |introduced=true |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. |publication year=1753;1754 |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_444.xml |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae |genus=Picris |apex shape=acute |array architecture=corymbiform |basal leaf architecture=petiolate |blade shape=lanceolate;oblanceolate or linear |body architecture or shape=not beaked |body shape=fusiform |bractlet quantity=8;13 |bractlet shape=lanceolate;lance-linear |bristle architecture=barbellulate |bristle coloration=whitish;stramineous |bristle quantity=30;45 |bristle shape=plumose |bristle size=subequal |corolla coloration=reddish;yellow |cypsela architecture=homomorphic |cypsela coloration=reddish-brown |distal leaf architecture=sessile |face pubescence=glabrous |face relief=rugulose |floret quantity=30;100 |involucre diameter=6mm;12mm |involucre shape=campanulate;urceolate |leaf position=cauline;basal |margin architecture or shape=sinuate-dentate to pinnately lobed;entire |margin texture=scarious |pappus life cycle=falling |peduncle architecture=bracteate |peduncle shape=inflated |phyllary atypical quantity=8;13 |phyllary shape=lanceolate;lance-linear |phyllary variability=equal |receptacle architecture=epaleate |receptacle pubescence=glabrous |receptacle relief=pitted |receptacle shape=flat;convex |rib quantity=5;10 |series quantity=2;3 |stem architecture=branched |stem orientation=erect |stem pubescence=hirsute;hispid or setose |stem quantity=1 |whole-organism architecture=rhizomatous;fibrous-rooted;rhizomatous;fibrous-rooted |whole-organism duration=perennial;biennial;annual |whole-organism some measurement=10cm;100cm |whole-organism structure subtype=tap;tap |x chromosome quantity=5 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Asteraceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Picris.