View source for Plagiotheciaceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Plagiotheciaceae
|accepted_authority=M. Fleischer
|publications=
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Plagiotheciaceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Plagiotheciaceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 264, 484, 518, 567
|treatment_page=page 483
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism architecture or fragility;whole_organism growth form;mat density"><b>Plants </b>somewhat small to large, in loose to dense mats or tufts.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture or shape;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>prostrate or erect, complanate-foliate, sometimes subjulaceous or julaceous, simple or sparsely and irregularly branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="external layer size;wall width">cortical cells in external layer large, walls thin;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="pseudoparaphyllium presence">pseudoparaphyllia absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="rhizoid presence;rhizoid position or shape;rhizoid insertion;rhizoid insertion">rhizoids sometimes present just distal to leaf insertion, at leaf base on abaxial surface, sometimes at leaf apices, smooth or minutely papillose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem arrangement;stem variability;stem texture;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem architecture or shape;stem architecture or shape;stem shape;stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation;branch leaf orientation;branch leaf orientation;branch leaf architecture;branch leaf arrangement;branch leaf variability;branch leaf texture;branch leaf shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf architecture or shape;branch leaf architecture or shape;branch leaf shape;branch leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation;apex orientation"><b>Stem </b>and branch leaves similar, erect or spreading, sometimes secund with apices pointing toward substrate, imbricate to distant, scarcely altered when dry, flaccid, ovate, ovatelanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-ovate, symmetric or asymmetric, often concave, not plicate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="base shape">base decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="margin shape;margin orientation;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin shape">margins plane or recurved, entire or serrulate to serrate at extreme apex, sometimes denticulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex acute, acuminate, or rarely piliferous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="">costa double, short, appearing single with one branch sometimes reaching mid leaf, or rarely ecostate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="costa height or length or size;costa quantity;cell variability;wall width;region arrangement">alar cells differentiated, walls ± evenly thick, region equally distributed on either side of costa, extending to decurrencies;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="laminal cell architecture or pubescence or relief">laminal cells smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="pit quantity;mid leaf relief">basal-cell walls with few pits or rarely pitted to mid leaf;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="medial and distal cell arrangement or course or shape;medial and distal cell course;medial and distal cell shape;medial and distal cell architecture or pubescence or relief">medial and distal cells linear, linear-flexuose, or sometimes linear-rhomboidal, heavily chlorophyllose, smooth, walls usually thin.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="propagulum reproduction;propagulum presence;propagulum shape;propagulum architecture or arrangement;propagulum architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction often present as propagula, cylindric to fusiform, 1-seriate, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="wall width;wall development;wall reproduction;wall reproduction;wall reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition autoicous or sometimes dioicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="perigonium quantity;bract height or length or size;bract shape;apex shape">perigonia many at base of stems, bracts short, lanceolate to ovate, apex acuminate to filiform-acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="perichaetium quantity;leaf size;leaf architecture or shape;apex orientation">perichaetia many at base of stems, leaves moderately enlarged, sheathing, apex somewhat spreading.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seta quantity;seta shape;seta course;seta course;seta architecture;seta architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Seta </b>single, elongate, straight or curved, twisted, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule orientation;capsule orientation;capsule orientation;capsule orientation;capsule course;capsule course"><b>Capsule </b>cernuous, erect, or inclined, straight or arcuate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="exothecial cell-wall width;exothecial cell-wall width">exothecial cell-walls thin or thick;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="annulus duration">annulus deciduous, often tardily so;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="operculum shape;operculum height or length or size">operculum conic to rostrate, shorter than urn;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="">peristome double;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="exostome tooth relief;exostome tooth relief;external surface pubescence;internal surface orientation">exostome teeth with external surface cross-striolate proximally, papillose distally, or rarely papillose throughout, internal surface projecting;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="basal membrane size;basal membrane height;segment width;segment size or width;segment height or length or size;segment shape;segment architecture;cilium presence;cilium presence;cilium development">endostome basal membrane medium to high, segments broad or narrow, shorter than or almost as long as teeth, keeled, not or very narrowly perforate, cilia present or absent, sometimes well developed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s26" data-properties="calyptra duration;calyptra shape;calyptra architecture"><b>Calyptra </b>fugacious, cucullate, naked.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s27" data-properties="spore shape;spore relief;spore relief"><b>Spores </b>spheric to ovoid, smooth or papillose.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;including Antarctica;primarily in temperate latitudes and at higher elevations in the tropics
|discussion=<p>Genus 1, species ca. 90 (6 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Although W. R. Buck and R. R. Ireland (1985) included only the genus Plagiothecium in Plagiotheciaceae, several bryologists (E. Nyholm 1954–1969; A. J. E. Smith 1978; Lin S. H. 1984; L. Hedenäs 1989b, 1995; N. Pedersen and L. Hedenäs 2002) have included other genera, especially some of those in Hypnaceae, in the family. Plagiothecium undulatum has been removed to Buckiella and placed in Hypnaceae (R. R. Ireland 2001).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Plagiotheciaceae
|author=Robert R. Ireland Jr.
|authority=M. Fleischer
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Plagiotheciaceae
|illustrator=Patricia M. Eckel
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;including Antarctica;primarily in temperate latitudes and at higher elevations in the tropics
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_753.xml
|annulus duration=deciduous
|apex orientation=spreading;pointing
|apex shape=acuminate;filiform-acuminate
|basal membrane height=high
|basal membrane size=medium
|base shape=decurrent
|bract height or length or size=short
|bract shape=lanceolate;ovate
|branch leaf architecture=secund
|branch leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|branch leaf architecture or shape=asymmetric;symmetric
|branch leaf arrangement=imbricate;distant
|branch leaf orientation=spreading;erect
|branch leaf shape=concave;oblong-ovate;oblong-lanceolate;oblong-ovate;oblong-lanceolate;ovatelanceolate;ovate
|branch leaf texture=flaccid
|branch leaf variability=altered
|calyptra architecture=naked
|calyptra duration=fugacious
|calyptra shape=cucullate
|capsule course=arcuate;straight
|capsule orientation=inclined;erect;inclined;erect;cernuous
|cell variability=differentiated
|cilium development=developed
|cilium presence=absent;absent
|costa height or length or size=short
|costa quantity=single
|exostome tooth relief=papillose;papillose
|exothecial cell-wall width=thick;thin
|external layer size=large
|external surface pubescence=cross-striolate
|internal surface orientation=projecting
|laminal cell architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|leaf architecture or shape=sheathing
|leaf size=enlarged
|margin architecture or shape=serrate;serrulate;entire
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=denticulate;plane
|mat density=dense
|medial and distal cell architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|medial and distal cell arrangement or course or shape=linear
|medial and distal cell course=linear-flexuose
|medial and distal cell shape=linear-rhomboidal
|mid leaf relief=pitted
|operculum height or length or size=shorter
|operculum shape=conic;rostrate
|perichaetium quantity=many
|perigonium quantity=many
|pit quantity=few
|propagulum architecture or arrangement=1-seriate
|propagulum architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|propagulum presence=absent
|propagulum reproduction=asexual
|propagulum shape=cylindric;fusiform
|pseudoparaphyllium presence=absent
|region arrangement=distributed
|rhizoid insertion=papillose;smooth
|rhizoid position or shape=distal
|rhizoid presence=absent
|segment architecture=perforate
|segment height or length or size=shorter
|segment shape=keeled
|segment size or width=narrow
|segment width=broad
|seta architecture=twisted
|seta architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|seta course=curved;straight
|seta quantity=single
|seta shape=elongate
|spore relief=papillose;smooth
|spore shape=spheric;ovoid
|stem architecture=secund;branched;sparsely;simple;complanate-foliate
|stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|stem architecture or shape=asymmetric;symmetric;julaceous
|stem arrangement=imbricate;distant
|stem orientation=spreading;erect;erect;prostrate
|stem shape=concave;oblong-ovate;oblong-lanceolate;oblong-ovate;oblong-lanceolate;ovatelanceolate;ovate
|stem texture=flaccid
|stem variability=altered
|wall development=specialized
|wall reproduction=dioicous;autoicous;sexual
|wall width=thin;thick;thin
|whole_organism architecture or fragility=loose
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism size=small;large
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