View source for Pohlia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pohlia
|accepted_authority=Hedwig
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|place=171. 1801
|year=1801
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Mielichhoferiaceae;Pohlia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Mielichhoferiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pohlia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Johann Emanuel Pohl, 1782 – 1834, physician of Dresden
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 10, 118, 141, 191, 192, 196, 200, 213, 662, 666
|treatment_page=page 193
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism growth form;plant arrangement;turf depth;turf size"><b>Plants </b>very small to large, as scattered plants or deep, sometimes extensive, turfs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem some measurement;stem architecture;innovation architecture"><b>Stems </b>0.1–10 cm, not complanate-foliate, often bearing subfloral innovations below the gametangia.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf variability;leaf orientation;leaf shape;leaf some measurement"><b>Leaves </b>with dorsal and lateral not differentiated, erect to spreading, narrowly lanceolate to ovatelanceolate [rarely linear-lanceolate], 0.6–3.5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="base shape;base shape">base decurrent or not;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="margin shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">margins plane (strongly revolute in P. cardotii and P. crudoides), finely serrate to serrulate near apex, rarely entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="apex shape">apex acute (sometimes short-acuminate in P. melanodon);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="costa position;costa architecture;costa architecture;costa architecture;costa architecture">costa ending well before apex, subpercurrent, percurrent, or rarely short-excurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="distal medial laminal cell shape;distal medial laminal cell shape;distal medial laminal cell shape;distal medial laminal cell shape;distal medial laminal cell shape">distal medial laminal cells elongate-hexagonal, rhombic, or linear-rhomboidal, sometimes narrowly vermicular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="">marginal cells undifferentiated or slightly narrower and longer than medial cells.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="rhizoidal reproduction;rhizoidal quantity;rhizoidal shape;tuber shape;gemma shape;gemma shape;rhizoidal shape;tuber shape;gemma shape"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction common, by spheric to ovoid rhizoidal tubers or axillary filiform to bulbiform gemmae.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="marginal cell prominence;marginal cell width;marginal cell length or size;marginal cell development;marginal cell reproduction;marginal cell reproduction;marginal cell reproduction;marginal cell reproduction;marginal cell reproduction;marginal cell reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous, paroicous, or rarely autoicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="perigonium position or structure subtype;perichaetium position or structure subtype">perigonia and perichaetia terminal (perigonia rarely lateral in P. longibracteata);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="leaf apex shape">perigonial leaf apex acute to long-acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="perichaetial leaf variability;perichaetial leaf shape;leaf size">perichaetial leaves same size as vegetative leaves or sometimes strongly differentiated, lanceolate to narrowly linear-lanceolate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seta quantity;seta coloration;seta course;seta shape"><b>Seta </b>single (multiple in P. robertsonii), stramineous to orangebrown, straight or bent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule shape;capsule atypical some measurement;capsule some measurement;neck length"><b>Capsule </b>inclined 0–180°, narrowly cylindric to broadly pyriform or urceolate, 1–6 [–10] mm, neck sometimes 1+ times urn length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="row quantity;medial cell-wall course;medial cell-wall shape">exothecial cells near mouth in 1–3+ rows, medial cell-walls straight or sinuate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="stoma position;stoma prominence">stomata superficial to immersed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="annulus presence;annulus presence;annulus architecture">annulus absent or present, revoluble;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="operculum shape;operculum height or length or size;operculum shape;operculum shape">operculum convex, short to long-conic, sometimes short-rostrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="peristome quantity;peristome quantity;peristome atypical quantity;peristome quantity">peristome double [rarely absent], 4: 2:4–6 (–8);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="peristome quantity;exostome coloration;exostome coloration;exostome coloration;tooth shape;tooth architecture or course;tooth architecture;tooth architecture;tooth relief;tooth relief">exostome white, pale-yellow to brown, or sometimes dark reddish-brown, teeth triangular to lanceolate, sometimes irregular [rarely reduced or absent], trabeculate or not, pitted basally, coarsely papillose distally (coarsely papillose throughout in P. crudoides);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="peristome quantity;basal membrane position;basal membrane height;segment width;segment shape;segment size;segment architecture;segment architecture;projection prominence;cilium presence;cilium quantity">endostome basal membrane low to high, sometimes scarcely exceeding capsule rim, segments narrow to wide, strongly to weakly or scarcely keeled, rarely reduced to rudimentary projections, broadly to narrowly perforate or less often not, cilia absent or 1–3.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 85 (32 species in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Axillary gemmae present
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Axillary gemmae absent
|[[#key-0-14| > 14]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Gemmae with peglike leaf primordia
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Gemmae with broadly laminate (leaflike) leaf primordia
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants glossy
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants dull
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Gemmae oblong-linear to linear-vermicular, leaf primordia elongate, erect.
|[[Pohlia proligera|Pohlia proligera]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Gemmae isodiametric to oblong, leaf primordia inconspicuous, incurved.
|[[Pohlia andrewsii|Pohlia andrewsii]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Gemmae oblong, knobby in outline, leaf primordia absent.
|[[Pohlia flexuosa|Pohlia flexuosa]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Gemmae spheroid, obconic, or linear, not knobby in outline, leaf primordia present
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Gemmae spheroid.
|[[Pohlia camptotrachela|Pohlia camptotrachela]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Gemmae oblong or obconic to linear
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Gemmae oblong or obconic, leaf primordia 2-5, conspicuous.
|[[Pohlia annotina|Pohlia annotina]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Gemmae narrowly linear, leaf primordia 1 or 2, inconspicuous.
|[[Pohlia flexuosa|Pohlia flexuosa]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Gemmae 2-8 per leaf axil, narrowly elongate, oblong-bulbiform, or obconic
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Gemmae 1 or 2 per leaf axil, bulbiform
|[[#key-0-11| > 11]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Gemmae elongate, extending beyond leaves.
|[[Pohlia tundrae|Pohlia tundrae]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Gemmae oblong, obconic, or spheroid, shorter than leaves
|[[#key-0-10| > 10]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Gemmae obconic to oblong.
|[[Pohlia andalusica|Pohlia andalusica]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Gemmae spheroid to obovate.
|[[Pohlia bulbifera|Pohlia bulbifera]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Gemmae oblong or elliptic to subglobose, leaf primordia small, stiff, restricted to apex or rarely 1 or 2 proximally.
|[[Pohlia filum|Pohlia filum]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Gemmae bulbiform, leaf primordia large, flexuose, at gemma apex and proximally
|[[#key-0-12| > 12]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Plants dull; leaves slightly contorted when dry.
|[[Pohlia rabunbaldensis|Pohlia rabunbaldensis]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Plants glossy; leaves unaltered when dry
|[[#key-0-13| > 13]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Plants dark green to reddish; leaves ± spreading.
|[[Pohlia drummondii|Pohlia drummondii]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Plants whitish; leaves ± erect.
|[[Pohlia beringiensis|Pohlia beringiensis]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Leaf margins strongly recurved to revolute
|[[#key-0-15| > 15]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Leaf margins plane
|[[#key-0-16| > 16]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Leaves narrowly long-lanceolate; medial laminal cells linear-hexagonal, walls thin, not porose.
|[[Pohlia crudoides|Pohlia crudoides]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Leaves ovate-lanceolate; medial laminal cells rhombic, walls thick, ± porose.
|[[Pohlia cardotii|Pohlia cardotii]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Sexual condition paroicous
|[[#key-0-17| > 17]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Sexual condition dioicous (very rarely paroicous)
|[[#key-0-22| > 22]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Setae multiple.
|[[Pohlia robertsonii|Pohlia robertsonii]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Setae single
|[[#key-0-18| > 18]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Medial laminal cells lax, hexagonal or broadly rhombic, walls thin.
|[[Pohlia obtusifolia|Pohlia obtusifolia]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Medial laminal cells firm, hexagonal to rhomboidal or vermicular, walls thin or thick
|[[#key-0-19| > 19]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Plants dull; laminal cells hexagonal to rhomboidal
|[[#key-0-20| > 20]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Plants shiny; laminal cells linear-vermicular
|[[#key-0-21| > 21]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Capsule necks 1/2 urn length; endostome segments broadly perforate, cilia present.
|[[Pohlia nutans|Pohlia nutans]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Capsule necks 1/2 to 1 time urn length; endostome segments narrowly to not perforate, cilia absent to rudimentary, rarely long.
|[[Pohlia elongata|Pohlia elongata]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Leaves long-lanceolate; endostome segments narrowly to not perforate, cilia absent to rudimentary.
|[[Pohlia longicolla|Pohlia longicolla]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Leaves lanceolate to elliptic; endostome segments broadly perforate, cilia present, short to long.
|[[Pohlia cruda|Pohlia cruda]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Capsules inclined 0-20°; endostome segments weakly keeled, slightly tapered, cilia absent.
|[[Pohlia erecta|Pohlia erecta]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Capsules inclined 35-180°; endostome segments distinctly keeled, tapered apically, cilia present or absent
|[[#key-0-23| > 23]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Leaf bases long-decurrent; medial laminal cells rhombic to rhomboidal.
|[[Pohlia ludwigii|Pohlia ludwigii]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Leaf bases not or scarcely decurrent; medial laminal cells linear, hexagonal, or rhomboidal
|[[#key-0-24| > 24]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Capsules narrowly cylindric, inclined 35-90°; endostome segments narrowly to not perforate, cilia absent to rudimentary.
|[[Pohlia bolanderi|Pohlia bolanderi]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Capsules pyriform to urceolate, inclined 80-180°; endostome segments broadly perforate, cilia present
|[[#key-0-25| > 25]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Annulus present; exothecial cells rectangular
|[[#key-0-26| > 26]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Annulus absent; exothecial cells isodiametric
|[[#key-0-28| > 28]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Plants green or rarely reddish, dull; laminal cells short- hexagonal.
|[[Pohlia nutans|Pohlia nutans]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Plants pale green to green, glossy; laminal cells linear-rhomboidal to linear-vermicular
|[[#key-0-27| > 27]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Plants somewhat glossy; leaf margins serrulate at apex; medial laminal cells 65-110 µm.
|[[Pohlia lescuriana|Pohlia lescuriana]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Plants very glossy; leaf margins coarsely serrate at apex; medial laminal cells 110-145 µm.
|[[Pohlia pacifica|Pohlia pacifica]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Medial laminal cells laxly rhomboidal
|[[#key-0-29| > 29]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Medial laminal cells linear-hexagonal to linear-rhomboidal or broadly rhomboidal
|[[#key-0-31| > 31]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Plants very small, reddish; stems 0.2-0.4 cm; stomata superficial.
|[[Pohlia atropurpurea|Pohlia atropurpurea]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Plants small to large, green to whitish, rarely reddish when very large; stems 0.3-10 cm; stomata deeply immersed
|[[#key-0-30| > 30]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Plants dark green; stems 0.3-1 cm.
|[[Pohlia melanodon|Pohlia melanodon]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Plants whitish, sometimes reddish when very large; stems 0.8-10 cm.
|[[Pohlia wahlenbergii|Pohlia wahlenbergii]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Plants medium-sized to large; leaves wide-spreading; perigonial leaves to 6 mm.
|[[Pohlia longibracteata|Pohlia longibracteata]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Plants small to rarely medium-sized; leaves erect to erect-spreading; perigonial leaves to 3 mm
|[[#key-0-32| > 32]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Stomata superficial or slightly immersed
|[[#key-0-33| > 33]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Stomata immersed
|[[#key-0-34| > 34]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Stems 0.3-1.5 cm; leaves erect-spreading; medial laminal cells linear, 6-9 µm wide.
|[[Pohlia brevinervis|Pohlia brevinervis]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Stems 0.2-0.4 cm; leaves erect-spreading to spreading; medial laminal cells laxly and broadly rhomboidal, 10-12 µm wide.
|[[Pohlia atropurpurea|Pohlia atropurpurea]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Stems green to pale orange or pink; leaves spreading; plants dull.
|[[Pohlia columbica|Pohlia columbica]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Stems cherry red; leaves erect; plants glossy.
|[[Pohlia vexans|Pohlia vexans]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pohlia
|authority=Hedwig
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Mielichhoferiaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|publication year=1801
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_309.xml
|genus=Pohlia
|annulus architecture=revoluble
|annulus presence=absent;absent
|apex shape=acute
|basal membrane height=high
|basal membrane position=low
|base shape=not;decurrent
|capsule atypical some measurement=6mm;10mm
|capsule orientation=inclined
|capsule shape=narrowly cylindric;broadly pyriform or urceolate
|capsule some measurement=1mm;6mm
|cilium presence=absent
|cilium quantity=1;3
|costa architecture=short-excurrent;percurrent;short-excurrent;percurrent
|costa position=subpercurrent
|distal medial laminal cell shape=linear-rhomboidal;rhombic;linear-rhomboidal;rhombic;elongate-hexagonal
|exostome coloration=dark reddish-brown;pale-yellow;brown
|gemma shape=axillary;filiform;bulbiform
|innovation architecture=subfloral
|leaf apex shape=acute;long-acuminate
|leaf orientation=erect;spreading
|leaf position=lateral
|leaf shape=narrowly lanceolate;ovatelanceolate
|leaf size=vegetative
|leaf some measurement=0.6mm;3.5mm
|leaf variability=not differentiated
|margin architecture or shape=entire;finely serrate;serrulate
|margin shape=plane
|marginal cell development=specialized
|marginal cell length or size=slightly narrower and longer
|marginal cell prominence=undifferentiated
|marginal cell reproduction=autoicous;paroicous;autoicous;paroicous;dioicous;sexual
|marginal cell width=narrower
|medial cell-wall course=straight
|medial cell-wall shape=sinuate
|neck length=1+ times urn length
|operculum height or length or size=short
|operculum shape=short-rostrate;long-conic;convex
|perichaetial leaf shape=lanceolate;narrowly linear-lanceolate
|perichaetial leaf variability=differentiated
|perichaetium position or structure subtype=terminal
|perigonium position or structure subtype=terminal
|peristome atypical quantity=6;8
|peristome quantity=4;4;4;6
|plant arrangement=scattered
|projection prominence=rudimentary
|rhizoidal quantity=common
|rhizoidal reproduction=asexual
|rhizoidal shape=spheric;ovoid
|row quantity=1;3
|segment architecture=less often;perforate
|segment shape=keeled
|segment size=reduced
|segment width=narrow;wide
|seta coloration=stramineous;orangebrown
|seta course=straight
|seta quantity=single
|seta shape=bent
|stem architecture=not complanate-foliate
|stem some measurement=0.1cm;10cm
|stoma position=superficial
|stoma prominence=immersed
|tooth architecture=not;trabeculate
|tooth architecture or course=irregular
|tooth relief=papillose;pitted
|tooth shape=triangular;lanceolate
|tuber shape=spheric;ovoid
|turf depth=deep
|turf size=extensive
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism size=small;large
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Mielichhoferiaceae]]