View source for Polygonella macrophylla

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Polygonella macrophylla
|accepted_authority=Small
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=23: 407. 1896
|year=1896
}}
|common_names=Large-leaf wireweed
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Polygonaceae;Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae;Polygonella;Polygonella macrophylla
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polygonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Polygonella]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Polygonella macrophylla]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 535, 538
|treatment_page=page 537
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Subshrubs,</b> perennial, gynodioecious, 8–11 dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>erect, simple proximally, sometimes branched distally, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf duration"><b>Leaves </b>persistent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="ocrea margin architecture or pubescence or shape">ocrea margins not ciliate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape;blade atypical length;blade atypical length;blade length;blade atypical width;blade width;base shape;margin coloration;apex shape;apex pubescence">blade oblanceolate to obovate or broadly spatulate, (9–) 26–56 (–68) × (3–) 9–30 mm, base attenuate to obtuse, margins hyaline, apex obtuse, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence atypical some measurement;inflorescence atypical some measurement;inflorescence some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>(14–) 30–50 (–70) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="base fusion;apex shape">ocreola encircling rachis, only the base adnate to rachis, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pedicel orientation;pedicel orientation;pedicel some measurement;pedicel length or size"><b>Pedicels </b>spreading in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, 1.2–2.1 mm, much longer than subtending ocreola.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual or pistillate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="outer tepal fixation or orientation;outer tepal orientation;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal shape;outer tepal some measurement;margin architecture or shape">outer tepals loosely appressed in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, white, pink, or red, obovate, 1.6–2.4 mm in anthesis, margins entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="inner tepal fixation or orientation;inner tepal orientation;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal coloration;inner tepal shape;inner tepal some measurement;margin architecture or shape">inner tepals loosely appressed in anthesis, reflexed in fruit, white, red, or pink, obovate, 1.7–2.8 mm in anthesis, margins entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament growth form">filaments dimorphic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther coloration;anther coloration">anthers white or yellow;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="style some measurement;stigma some measurement">styles and stigmas 0.3–0.6 mm in anthesis.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties=""><b>Achenes </b>included, yellowbrown, 3-gonous, 3.1–4.1 × 1.5–1.9 mm, shiny, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="achene position;achene coloration;achene shape;achene length;achene width;achene reflectance;achene architecture or pubescence or relief;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Oct.
|habitat=Sand pine-oak scrub ridges
|elevation=0-70 m
|distribution=Ala.;Fla.
|discussion=<p>Polygonella macrophylla is known only from the Gulf Coast from Franklin County, Florida, westward to Baldwin County, Alabama. Two flower-color morphs exist. Two populations in the vicinity of Carrabelle, Florida, are red-flowered. All other populations produce white or pink flowers. P. O. Lewis (1991b) showed that expected levels of genetic diversity are much lower in white-flowered populations than in red-flowered ones, possibly due to lack of gene flow among populations and high levels of inbreeding. Morphological data suggest that P. macrophylla is most closely related to the more widespread P. polygama (Lewis and D. J. Crawford 1995).</p><!--
--><p>Polygonella macrophylla is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=lewis1991b
|text=Lewis, P. O. 1991b. Allozyme variation in the rare Gulf Coast endemic Polygonella macrophylla Small (Polygonaceae). Pl. Spec. Biol. 6: 1–10.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Polygonella macrophylla
|authority=Small
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Polygonaceae
|phenology=Flowering Oct.
|habitat=Sand pine-oak scrub ridges
|elevation=0-70 m
|distribution=Ala.;Fla.
|reference=lewis1991b
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1896
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_1098.xml
|subfamily=Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae
|genus=Polygonella
|species=Polygonella macrophylla
|2n chromosome quantity=28
|achene architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|achene coloration=yellowbrown
|achene length=3.1mm;4.1mm
|achene position=included
|achene reflectance=shiny
|achene shape=3-gonous
|achene width=1.5mm;1.9mm
|anther coloration=yellow;white
|apex pubescence=glabrous
|apex shape=acute;obtuse
|base fusion=adnate
|base shape=attenuate;obtuse
|blade atypical length=56mm;68mm
|blade atypical width=3mm;9mm
|blade length=26mm;56mm
|blade shape=oblanceolate;obovate or broadly spatulate
|blade width=9mm;30mm
|filament growth form=dimorphic
|flower architecture=pistillate
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|inflorescence atypical some measurement=50mm;70mm
|inflorescence some measurement=30mm;50mm
|inner tepal coloration=pink;red;pink;red;white
|inner tepal fixation or orientation=appressed
|inner tepal orientation=reflexed
|inner tepal shape=obovate
|inner tepal some measurement=1.7mm;2.8mm
|leaf duration=persistent
|margin architecture or shape=entire;entire
|margin coloration=hyaline
|ocrea margin architecture or pubescence or shape=not ciliate
|outer tepal coloration=red;pink;red;pink;white
|outer tepal fixation or orientation=appressed
|outer tepal orientation=reflexed
|outer tepal shape=obovate
|outer tepal some measurement=1.6mm;2.4mm
|pedicel length or size=much longer
|pedicel orientation=reflexed;spreading
|pedicel some measurement=1.2mm;2.1mm
|stem architecture=branched;simple
|stem orientation=erect
|stem pubescence=glabrous
|stigma some measurement=0.3mm;0.6mm
|style some measurement=0.3mm;0.6mm
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=subshrub
|whole_organism reproduction=gynodioecious
|whole_organism some measurement=8dm;11dm
}}<!--

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