View source for Pteris

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pteris
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 1073. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed 5, 484. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Brake
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Pteridaceae;Pteris
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pteridaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pteris]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek pteris, fern, derived from pteron, wing or feather, for the closely spaced pinnae, which give the leaves a likeness to feathers
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form or habitat;whole_organism growth form or habitat;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>terrestrial or on rock.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect or creeping, branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="scale coloration;scale coloration;scale shape;margin architecture or shape">scales pale-brown to black, concolored, elongate, margins entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf some measurement"><b>Leaves </b>monomorphic, clustered or closely spaced, 1–20 dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole coloration;petiole coloration;petiole coloration;petiole shape;petiole architecture;petiole architecture or pubescence;petiole pubescence;petiole pubescence;vascular-bundle quantity"><b>Petiole </b>straw-colored, green, brownish red to purple black, longitudinally ridged, 2–3-grooved adaxially, scaly at base, glabrous or scaly distally, with 1 (less often 2 or more) vascular-bundle.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade architecture or shape;blade texture;blade pubescence;blade pubescence;blade pubescence;blade pubescence;blade reflectance;blade coloration or pubescence or relief"><b>Blade </b>oblong to lanceolate to deltate, 1–4-pinnate, herbaceous to leathery, abaxially and adaxially glabrous or sometimes pubescent or scaly, adaxially dull, not striate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="rachis course">rachis straight.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="ultimate segment architecture;ultimate segment shape;ultimate segment width"><b>Ultimate </b>segments of blade sessile to short-stalked, linear to oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–8 mm wide;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="base shape;base shape;stalk coloration;stalk reflectance">base truncate or narrowed to stalk, stalk when present green, not lustrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="margin shape;margin orientation">margins plane or reflexed to form false indusia.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="vein fusion;vein architecture or shape;vein architecture;leaf prominence"><b>Veins </b>in leaves conspicuous, free (except in sori) and forking well above base of segment, or highly anastomosing.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="false indusium coloration;false indusium texture"><b>False </b>indusia pale, scarious, covering sori.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sporangium position;sorus architecture;paraphyse presence"><b>Sporangia </b>intramarginal, sori usually continuous except at pinna or segment apex and sinuses, paraphyses present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="equatorial flange prominence"><b>Spores </b>brown, trilete, tetrahedral, rugate and/or tuberculate, usually with prominent equatorial flange.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="spore coloration;spore architecture;spore shape;spore relief;spore relief;x chromosome quantity">x = 29.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Worldwide;warm and tropical regions
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 300 (5 species and 1 hybrid in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=kramer1990b
|text=Kramer, K. U. 1990. Pteris. In: K. Kubitzki et al., eds. 1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 1+ vol. Berlin etc. Vol. 1, pp. 250--252.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=lakela1976a
|text=Lakela, O. and R. W. Long. 1976. Ferns of Florida. Miami.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=wagner1982a
|text=Wagner, W. H. Jr. and C. E. Nauman. 1982. Pteris × delchampsii, a spontaneous fern hybrid from southern Florida. Amer. Fern J. 72: 97--102.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=wunderlin1982a
|text=Wunderlin, R. P. 1982. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central Florida. Tampa.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Veins in leaves anastomosing except sometimes near margins of ultimate segments.
|[[Pteris tripartita|Pteris tripartita]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Veins in leaves entirely free.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves not strictly 1-pinnate, at least proximal pinnae pinnatifid-lobed or variously forked or divided.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves strictly 1-pinnate, pinnae not lobed or divided.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Pinnae of mature leaves decurrent to relatively broad-winged rachis in at least distal 1/2 of leaf.
|[[Pteris multifida|Pteris multifida]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Pinnae of mature leaves not decurrent to relatively broad-winged rachis or only terminal pinna decurrent on rachis.
|[[Pteris cretica|Pteris cretica]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petioles and often also rachises densely scaly, scales light to reddish, often grading into hairs on abaxial costae; pinnae appearing not articulate to rachis, apices long-attenuate or sharply acute; sori narrow, with most of abaxial blade surface exposed.
|[[Pteris vittata|Pteris vittata]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petioles often sparsely scaly or scaly only proximally, scales dark brown to nearly black, scales absent or few on rachises, abaxial costae with or without hairs; pinnae appearing articulate to rachis, apices acute; sori broad, little or no abaxial blade tissue exposed.
|[[Pteris bahamensis|Pteris bahamensis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pteris
|author=Clifton E. Nauman
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Pteridaceae
|distribution=Worldwide;warm and tropical regions
|reference=kramer1990b;lakela1976a;wagner1982a;wunderlin1982a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_9.xml
|genus=Pteris
|base shape=narrowed;truncate
|blade architecture or shape=1-4-pinnate
|blade coloration or pubescence or relief=not striate
|blade pubescence=scaly;pubescent;sometimes;glabrous
|blade reflectance=dull
|blade shape=oblong;lanceolate
|blade texture=herbaceous;leathery
|equatorial flange prominence=prominent
|false indusium coloration=pale
|false indusium texture=scarious
|leaf architecture=monomorphic
|leaf arrangement=spaced;clustered
|leaf prominence=conspicuous
|leaf some measurement=1dm;20dm
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin orientation=reflexed
|margin shape=plane
|paraphyse presence=absent
|petiole architecture=2-3-grooved
|petiole architecture or pubescence=scaly
|petiole coloration=brownish red;purple black
|petiole pubescence=scaly;glabrous
|petiole shape=ridged
|rachis course=straight
|scale coloration=concolored;pale-brown;black
|scale shape=elongate
|sorus architecture=continuous
|sporangium position=intramarginal
|spore architecture=trilete
|spore coloration=brown
|spore relief=tuberculate;rugate
|spore shape=tetrahedral
|stalk coloration=green
|stalk reflectance=not lustrous
|stem architecture=branched
|stem orientation=creeping;erect
|ultimate segment architecture=sessile;short-stalked
|ultimate segment shape=linear;oblong-lanceolate
|ultimate segment width=1.5mm;8mm
|vascular-bundle quantity=1
|vein architecture=anastomosing
|vein architecture or shape=forking
|vein fusion=free
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism growth form or habitat=on rock;terrestrial
|x chromosome quantity=29
}}<!--

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