View source for Sedum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sedum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 430. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 197. 1754 ,
}}
|common_names=Stonecrop;orpin
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Crassulaceae;Sedum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Crassulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sedum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin sedeo, to sit, alluding to habit
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 148, 150, 162, 168, 172, 197, 212, 223, 226, 228
|treatment_page=page 199
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual, biennial, or perennial, rarely subshrubs, not viviparous, 0.2–10 dm, glabrous or hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem growth form;stem growth form;stem growth form;stem growth form;stem architecture;stem texture;stem size or width;base texture"><b>Stems </b>erect, ascending, procumbent, or creeping, usually much-branched, sometimes succulent, usually hardly secondarily thickened, base sometimes slightly woody.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf duration;leaf duration;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf variability;leaf architecture;leaf architecture;leaf fusion;rosette density;whorl atypical quantity;whorl quantity"><b>Leaves </b>deciduous or persistent, rarely rosulate, sometimes forming dense rosettes, usually alternate, sometimes opposite or in whorls of 3–5 [–6], ± alike, petiolate or sessile, not connate basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade position;blade some measurement;blade texture;base architecture or shape;base architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">blade linear to orbiculate or spatulate, terete, semiterete, or subterete, rarely laminar, 0.1–8 cm, usually ± succulent, base spurred or not, margins entire, (with 1 abaxial apical hydathode);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="vein prominence">veins not conspicuous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties=""><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal or axillary cymes (sometimes compound, cincinnate, less often simple).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="pedicel presence;pedicel presence"><b>Pedicels </b>present or absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower orientation;flower architecture"><b>Flowers </b>erect, (3–) 5–8 [–12] -merous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="sepal fusion;sepal architecture or shape;sepal fusion;sepal variability;sepal size">sepals distinct and spurred or slightly connate basally, (green), equal or strongly unequal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="petal orientation;petal orientation;petal fusion;petal fusion;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration or pubescence or relief;margin architecture or shape">petals spreading or erect at anthesis, usually distinct or slightly connate basally, [connate for 1/3–2/3 their lengths], yellow, white, pink, purple, or reddish, sometimes red-lineolate (often with reddish keel and adaxial subapical appendage), margins entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="calyx dehiscence;corolla dehiscence">calyx and corolla not circumscissile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="nectary shape;nectary shape;nectary shape;nectary shape;nectary shape;nectary shape;nectary shape">nectaries oblong, square, transversely oblong, reniform, or spatulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen size or quantity">stamens 2 times as many as sepals, rarely as many as sepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stamen filament fusion;filament fusion;filament fusion">filaments of epipetalous stamens usually adnate basally, filaments of antipetalous stamens usually distinct, rarely connate basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pistil orientation;pistil fusion;pistil fusion">pistils erect, slightly connate basally to almost distinct, (usually sessile with broad base);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style variability;style height or length or size">styles equaling or shorter than ovary.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruit orientation;fruit orientation"><b>Fruits </b>erect or spreading.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>ovoid to ellipsoid, (usually ca. 1 mm), reticulate or reticulate-papillose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed shape;seed relief;seed relief;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 4–ca. 640.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;Europe;Asia;n;e Africa;Atlantic Islands (Iceland);Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar)
|discussion=<p>Amerosedum Á. Löve & D. Löve; Breitungia Á. Löve & D. Löve; Chetyson Rafinesque; Clausenella Á. Löve & D. Löve; Cockerellia (R. T. Clausen & C. H. Uhl) Á. Löve & D. Löve; Hjaltalinia Á. Löve & D. Löve</p><!--
--><p>Species 420–470 (41 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Many genera of Crassulaceae currently recognized are derived from Sedum, the largest genus in the family. Molecular studies by H. ’t Hart (1995), R. C. H. J. van Ham and ’t Hart (1998), ’t Hart et al. (1999), S. Mayuzumi and H. Ohba (2004), and M. E. Mort et al. (2001) have formed the basis for recognizing segregate genera when the nomenclatural, biogeographic, and morphological data also have been available. Such data are still lacking for many other groups, and these are retained in Sedum pending further study. R. T. Clausen (1975) provided the most comprehensive treatment to date of native and naturalized Sedum in North America.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Annual or biennial herbs
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Perennial herbs or subshrubs
|[[#key-0-14| > 14]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Biennial herbs
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Annual herbs
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Flowering shoots forming axillary offsets
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Flowering shoots not forming axillary offsets
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Filaments white; carpels stellately spreading in fruit
|[[Sedum radiatum|Sedum radiatum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Filaments yellow; carpels divergent in fruit.
|[[Sedum stenopetalum|Sedum stenopetalum]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals canary yellow; sepals slightly connate basally, glabrous.
|[[Sedum leibergii|Sedum leibergii]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals pink-red or purple to white; sepals distinct, glabrous or glandular-hairy
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Stems and leaves glabrous; sepals glabrous; petals white to purple, 4-10 mm.
|[[Sedum pulchellum|Sedum pulchellum]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Stems and leaves hirtellous and glandular-hairy; sepals glandular-hairy; petals pink-red, 3-4.5 mm
|[[Sedum villosum|Sedum villosum]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Stems glandular-hairy (at least distally) or hirtellous
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Stems glabrous
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Stems hirtellous; leaf blades hirtellous and densely glandular-hairy; sepals 2-4 mm.
|[[Sedum villosum|Sedum villosum]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Stems glandular-hairy; leaf blades usually glabrous, rarely glandular-hairy; sepals ca. 2 mm.
|[[Sedum hispanicum|Sedum hispanicum]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Petals 4-11 mm
|[[#key-0-10| > 10]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Petals 1.4-5 mm
|[[#key-0-12| > 12]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Flowering shoots without axillary offsets; c, e United States.
|[[Sedum pulchellum|Sedum pulchellum]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Flowering shoots with axillary offsets; w United States
|[[#key-0-11| > 11]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Carpels stellately spreading in fruit.
|[[Sedum radiatum|Sedum radiatum]]
|-id=key-0-11
|11
|Carpels divergent in fruit.
|[[Sedum stenopetalum|Sedum stenopetalum]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Petals white, ovate-elliptic.
|[[Sedum pusillum|Sedum pusillum]]
|-id=key-0-12
|12
|Petals yellow, elliptic-oblong or narrowly lanceolate
|[[#key-0-13| > 13]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Leaf blade bases short-spurred; petals elliptic-oblong; c United States.
|[[Sedum nuttallii|Sedum nuttallii]]
|-id=key-0-13
|13
|Leaf blade bases not spurred; petals narrowly lanceolate; Greenland.
|[[Sedum annuum|Sedum annuum]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Petals white, creamy white, yellowish white, pale yellow, yellowish, white tinged with purple or streaked with pink, pinkish white, greenish white, purple, pink-red, or pink
|[[#key-0-15| > 15]]
|-id=key-0-14
|14
|Petals yellow, yellowish green, golden yellow, pale orange, or pale orange suffused with pink
|[[#key-0-32| > 32]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Flowers mostly 4-merous, sometimes 5-6(-7)-merous
|[[#key-0-16| > 16]]
|-id=key-0-15
|15
|Flowers mostly 5(-8)-merous
|[[#key-0-19| > 19]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Leaf blades of flowering stems linear, base sagittately spurred.
|[[Sedum pulchellum|Sedum pulchellum]]
|-id=key-0-16
|16
|Leaf blades of flowering shoots obovate to obovate-spatulate or elliptic, narrowly elliptic, oblong or linear, base short-spurred
|[[#key-0-17| > 17]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Leaves whorled, usually 3, sometimes 2 or 4 per whorl, sometimes decussate.
|[[Sedum ternatum|Sedum ternatum]]
|-id=key-0-17
|17
|Leaves alternate
|[[#key-0-18| > 18]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Leaf blades not glaucous; petals acute apically; primary rosettes usually 1 cm diam.
|[[Sedum nevii|Sedum nevii]]
|-id=key-0-18
|18
|Leaf blades usually glaucous; petals acuminate apically; primary rosettes usually 1-2.7 cm diam.
|[[Sedum glaucophyllum|Sedum glaucophyllum]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Flowers pungent, musky scented (unique in the flora area); petals sharply curved outward 2/3 from erect base, distal 1/3 divergent
|[[Sedum wrightii|Sedum wrightii]]
|-id=key-0-19
|19
|Flowers without pungent scent; petals erect, widely spreading from base, or spreading from middle, not sharply curved outward
|[[#key-0-20| > 20]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Inflorescences panicles or paniculate cymes
|[[#key-0-21| > 21]]
|-id=key-0-20
|20
|Inflorescences 1-3(-5)-parted or branched cymes, corymbs, or corymbiform cymes
|[[#key-0-25| > 25]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Stems creeping and short-ascending, basally densely glandular- pubescent; petals 2-4.5 mm.
|[[Sedum album|Sedum album]]
|-id=key-0-21
|21
|Stems rootstocks or stout rhizomes, bearing rosettes, glabrous; petals 4-11.5 mm
|[[#key-0-22| > 22]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Leaf blades narrowly obovate, strongly pruinose, not glaucous; sepals 4-7 mm.
|[[Sedum oblanceolatum|Sedum oblanceolatum]]
|-id=key-0-22
|22
|Leaf blades obovate, spatulate, or oblanceolate, not strongly pruinose, sometimes glaucous; sepals 1.8-6 mm
|[[#key-0-23| > 23]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Petals 4-10 mm; sepals loosely appressed to corolla, 1.8-5.3 mm; flowering shoots 2-10(-12) cm.
|[[Sedum obtusatum|Sedum obtusatum]]
|-id=key-0-23
|23
|Petals ca. (4-)7-11.5 mm; sepals closely appressed to corolla, (2-)2.6-5.1 mm; flowering shoots (6-)10-28(-40) cm
|[[#key-0-24| > 24]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Petals pink, pinkish white, or white, apices obtuse; sepals 2.6-5.1 mm
|[[Sedum laxum|Sedum laxum]]
|-id=key-0-24
|24
|Petals creamy white, yellowish white, or pale yellow, apices abruptly pointed; sepals 3.2-3.5 mm.
|[[Sedum oregonense|Sedum oregonense]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Leaf blades of flowering shoots linear or linear-lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate
|[[#key-0-26| > 26]]
|-id=key-0-25
|25
|Leaf blades of flowering shoots lanceolate, obovate to oblanceolate, oblanceolate-elliptic, elliptic-ovate, oblong-spatulate, oblanceolate-oblong, spatulate, or elliptic to elliptic-oblong
|[[#key-0-29| > 29]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Offsets often produced from axils of leaves and bracts.
|[[Sedum stenopetalum|Sedum stenopetalum]]
|-id=key-0-26
|26
|Offsets not formed from axils of leaves and bracts
|[[#key-0-27| > 27]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Sepals connate basally.
|[[Sedum ochroleucum|Sedum ochroleucum]]
|-id=key-0-27
|27
|Sepals distinct
|[[#key-0-28| > 28]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Sepals lanceolate or ovate-elliptic.
|[[Sedum villosum|Sedum villosum]]
|-id=key-0-28
|28
|Sepals linear to narrowly oblong.
|[[Sedum stelliforme|Sedum stelliforme]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Carpels divergent or stellately spreading in fruit.
|[[Sedum havardii|Sedum havardii]]
|-id=key-0-29
|29
|Carpels erect in fruit
|[[#key-0-30| > 30]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Inflorescences (4-)10-27-flowered cymes; pedicels 1-3.5 mm; leaf blades 9.5-15 mm
|[[Sedum cockerellii|Sedum cockerellii]]
|-id=key-0-30
|30
|Inflorescences 2-9-flowered cymes or solitary flowers; pedicels absent or to 1 mm, or pedicels 3-8 mm; leaf blades 3-8 mm
|[[#key-0-31| > 31]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Pedicels absent or to 1 mm.
|[[Sedum niveum|Sedum niveum]]
|-id=key-0-31
|31
|Pedicels 3-8 mm.
|[[Sedum villosum|Sedum villosum]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Leaves whorled or opposite and decussate (rarely alternate)
|[[#key-0-33| > 33]]
|-id=key-0-32
|32
|Leaves alternate
|[[#key-0-37| > 37]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Leaves usually opposite and decussate (rarely alternate)
|[[#key-0-34| > 34]]
|-id=key-0-33
|33
|Leaves whorled
|[[#key-0-35| > 35]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Petals usually distinct, sometimes connate basally; carpels widely spreading in fruit; leaf blades green or reddish green, not glaucous, suborbiculate to spatulate-obovate or oblong.
|[[Sedum divergens|Sedum divergens]]
|-id=key-0-34
|34
|Petals connate basally; carpels erect or ascending in fruit; leaf blades pale green speckled with pink, sometimes pink or red, glaucous, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate.
|[[Sedum debile|Sedum debile]]
|-id=key-0-35
|35
|Leaves 4(-5) per whorl, blade linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate; flowering shoots erect.
|[[Sedum mexicanum|Sedum mexicanum]]
|-id=key-0-35
|35
|Leaves 3(-4) per whorl, blade narrowly rhombic-elliptic to widely lanceolate or linear-lanceolate to linear; flowering shoots ascending, pendulous, or creeping
|[[#key-0-36| > 36]]
|-id=key-0-36
|36
|Leaf blades narrowly rhombic-elliptic to widely lanceolate; flowering shoots creeping or ascending.
|[[Sedum sarmentosum|Sedum sarmentosum]]
|-id=key-0-36
|36
|Leaf blades linear-lanceolate to linear; flowering shoots ascending or pendulous.
|[[Sedum lineare|Sedum lineare]]
|-id=key-0-37
|37
|Inflorescences paniculate cymes
|[[#key-0-38| > 38]]
|-id=key-0-37
|37
|Inflorescences corymbs, corymbiform cymes, or cymes, sometimes subscorpioid
|[[#key-0-42| > 42]]
|-id=key-0-38
|38
|Flowering shoots glandular-pubescent.
|[[Sedum moranii|Sedum moranii]]
|-id=key-0-38
|38
|Flowering shoots glabrous
|[[#key-0-39| > 39]]
|-id=key-0-39
|39
|Subshrubs; leaf blades elliptic-oblanceolate, 40-80 × 13-25 mm; petals widely spreading.
|[[Sedum praealtum|Sedum praealtum]]
|-id=key-0-39
|39
|Perennial herbs; leaf blades obovate, oblanceolate, oblanceolate-oblong, or spatulate, (4-)12-28(-67) × 4-11(-18) mm; petals erect proximally, spreading or divergent distally
|[[#key-0-40| > 40]]
|-id=key-0-40
|40
|Leaf blade margins white; 300-900 m.
|[[Sedum albomarginatum|Sedum albomarginatum]]
|-id=key-0-40
|40
|Leaf blade margins not white; 300-3700 m
|[[#key-0-41| > 41]]
|-id=key-0-41
|41
|Flowering shoots 2-10(-12) cm.
|[[Sedum obtusatum|Sedum obtusatum]]
|-id=key-0-41
|41
|Flowering shoots (6-)10-28 cm.
|[[Sedum oregonense|Sedum oregonense]]
|-id=key-0-42
|42
|Leaf blades linear or linear-lanceolate to oblong
|[[#key-0-43| > 43]]
|-id=key-0-42
|42
|Leaf blades spatulate, orbiculate to broadly ovate, ovate, obovate, lanceolate, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-oblong, cuneate, or triangular-ovate
|[[#key-0-46| > 46]]
|-id=key-0-43
|43
|Petals 3-4 mm; leaves usually in 6 rows.
|[[Sedum sexangulare|Sedum sexangulare]]
|-id=key-0-43
|43
|Petals 5-10 mm; leaves on vegetative shoots spirally arranged or alternate, not in rows
|[[#key-0-44| > 44]]
|-id=key-0-44
|44
|Flowering shoots with axillary offsets; leaf blade bases scarious.
|[[Sedum stenopetalum|Sedum stenopetalum]]
|-id=key-0-44
|44
|Flowering shoots without axillary offsets; leaf blade bases not scarious
|[[#key-0-45| > 45]]
|-id=key-0-45
|45
|Leaf blades linear-lanceolate; sepals lanceolate, 3-6 mm, densely glandular-pubescent; petals erect or suberect, lanceolate, 8-10 mm.
|[[Sedum ochroleucum|Sedum ochroleucum]]
|-id=key-0-45
|45
|Leaf blades linear to oblong; sepals ovate, 2-3(-3.3) mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent; petals spreading, oblong, 6-7 mm.
|[[Sedum rupestre|Sedum rupestre]]
|-id=key-0-46
|46
|Plants not forming rosettes or offsets
|[[#key-0-47| > 47]]
|-id=key-0-46
|46
|Plants forming rosettes, or offsets formed at time of flowering
|[[#key-0-49| > 49]]
|-id=key-0-47
|47
|Plants tufted.
|[[Sedum robertsianum|Sedum robertsianum]]
|-id=key-0-47
|47
|Plants mat-forming
|[[#key-0-48| > 48]]
|-id=key-0-48
|48
|Leaf blades orbiculate to broadly ovate.
|[[Sedum nanifolium|Sedum nanifolium]]
|-id=key-0-48
|48
|Leaf blades triangular-ovate.
|[[Sedum acre|Sedum acre]]
|-id=key-0-49
|49
|Leaf blades obovate, lanceolate, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate, ovate, elliptic-oblong, or linear
|[[#key-0-50| > 50]]
|-id=key-0-49
|49
|Leaf blades spatulate, oblong-spatulate, or cuneate
|[[#key-0-53| > 53]]
|-id=key-0-50
|50
|Carpels erect in fruit
|[[#key-0-51| > 51]]
|-id=key-0-50
|50
|Carpels divergent in fruit
|[[#key-0-52| > 52]]
|-id=key-0-51
|51
|Leaves not easily detached; petals canary yellow to golden yellow.
|[[Sedum lanceolatum|Sedum lanceolatum]]
|-id=key-0-51
|51
|Leaves easily detached; petals deep yellow.
|[[Sedum rupicola|Sedum rupicola]]
|-id=key-0-52
|52
|Leaf blades linear to elliptic-oblong.
|[[Sedum stenopetalum|Sedum stenopetalum]]
|-id=key-0-52
|52
|Leaf blades usually obovate or elliptic, rarely lanceolate.
|[[Sedum borschii|Sedum borschii]]
|-id=key-0-53
|53
|Flowering shoots glandular-pubescent.
|[[Sedum moranii|Sedum moranii]]
|-id=key-0-53
|53
|Flowering shoots glabrous
|[[#key-0-54| > 54]]
|-id=key-0-54
|54
|Petals widely spreading from short, erect base; filaments yellow.
|[[Sedum spathulifolium|Sedum spathulifolium]]
|-id=key-0-54
|54
|Petals basally erect, divergent distally; filaments white, greenish, greenish white, pink, or yellowish
|[[#key-0-55| > 55]]
|-id=key-0-55
|55
|Petals not carinate, pink, pinkish white, or white to yellowish white; leaf blades 10-50 × 6-33 mm, base not spurred.
|[[Sedum laxum|Sedum laxum]]
|-id=key-0-55
|55
|Petals carinate, yellow; leaf blades 7-12 × 4.4-9 mm, base short-spurred.
|[[Sedum oreganum|Sedum oreganum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sedum
|author=Hideaki Ohba
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Crassulaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;Europe;Asia;n;e Africa;Atlantic Islands (Iceland);Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar)
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V8/V8_401.xml
|genus=Sedum
|2n chromosome quantity=4;640
|base architecture or shape=not;spurred
|base texture=woody
|blade position=laminar
|blade shape=linear;orbiculate or spatulate terete semiterete or subterete
|blade some measurement=0.1cm;8cm
|blade texture=succulent
|calyx dehiscence=not circumscissile
|corolla dehiscence=not circumscissile
|filament fusion=connate;distinct
|flower architecture=(3-)5-8[-12]-merous
|flower orientation=erect
|fruit orientation=spreading;erect
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf arrangement=opposite;alternate;rosulate
|leaf duration=persistent;deciduous
|leaf fusion=connate
|leaf variability=alike
|margin architecture or shape=entire;entire
|nectary shape=spatulate;reniform;spatulate;reniform;oblong;square;oblong
|pedicel presence=absent;absent
|petal coloration=reddish;purple;reddish;purple;pink;white;yellow
|petal coloration or pubescence or relief=red-lineolate
|petal fusion=connate;distinct
|petal orientation=erect;spreading
|pistil fusion=distinct;connate
|pistil orientation=erect
|rosette density=dense
|seed relief=reticulate-papillose;reticulate
|seed shape=ovoid;ellipsoid
|sepal architecture or shape=spurred
|sepal fusion=connate;distinct
|sepal size=unequal
|sepal variability=equal
|stamen filament fusion=adnate
|stamen size or quantity=2 times as many as sepals
|stem architecture=much-branched
|stem growth form=creeping;procumbent;creeping;procumbent
|stem orientation=ascending;erect
|stem size or width=thickened
|stem texture=succulent
|style height or length or size=shorter
|style variability=equaling
|vein prominence=not conspicuous
|whole_organism duration=perennial;biennial;perennial;biennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=subshrub;herb
|whole_organism pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|whole_organism reproduction=not viviparous
|whole_organism some measurement=0.2dm;10dm
|whorl atypical quantity=5;6
|whorl quantity=3;5
}}<!--

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