View source for Serenoa

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Serenoa
|accepted_authority=Hooker f. in G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker,Gen. Pl.
|place=3: 879, 926, 1228. 1883
|year=1883
}}
|common_names=Saw palmetto
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Arecaceae;Arecaceae subfam. Coryphoideae;Arecaceae tribe Corypheae;Arecaceae (tribe Corypheae) subtribe Livistoninae;Serenoa
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Arecaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Arecaceae subfam. Coryphoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Arecaceae tribe Corypheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Arecaceae (tribe Corypheae) subtribe Livistoninae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Serenoa]]</div></div>
|etymology=for Sereno Watson, 1826–1892, botanist
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 104
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism arrangement or growth form;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>moderate, clustered, shrubby.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture;stem architecture;stem growth form;stem orientation;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>branched or unbranched, procumbent or ascending, covered with leafbases or becoming striate or smooth with age.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="sheath fiber pubescence or texture"><b>Leaves:</b> sheath fibers soft;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">petiole base not split;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole architecture;tooth width">petiole armed with fine teeth, sometimes only at base of petiole;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="abaxial hastulum development;abaxial hastulum shape">abaxial hastula not well developed, obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="adaxial hastulum development;adaxial hastulum shape">adaxial hastula usually well developed, obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="costa presence">costa absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="blade architecture">blade palmate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="plication arrangement">plication induplicate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="segment shape;segment fusion;apex shape;apex shape">segments lanceolate, basally connate, apices acute or 2-cleft;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="cross-vein prominence">cross-veins conspicuous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence arrangement;inflorescence orientation;order quantity"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary within crown of leaves, paniculate, ascending, about as long as leaves, with 2–3 orders of branching;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="peduncular bract quantity">main axis bearing 2 peduncular bracts above prophyll;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="rachilla pubescence">rachillae pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture;pair arrangement"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual, borne singly or in pairs along rachillae, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="perianth architecture or arrangement">perianth 2-seriate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="calyx shape;calyx shape">calyx cupulate,,3-lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="petal quantity;petal arrangement;petal arrangement or shape;petal orientation;petal arrangement;petal fusion">petals 3, imbricate, elliptic, reflexed, alternate with outer whorl of stamens, basally adnate to filaments;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="stamen quantity;whorl quantity">stamens 6 in 2 whorls;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="filament shape;filament fusion">filaments narrowly triangular, basally connate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="anther fixation;anther fixation">anthers dorsifixed, versatile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil fusion;pistil pubescence">pistils 3, distinct basally, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="ovule quantity;ovule quantity;ovule development">ovules 3, only 1 developing into fruit;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="style fusion;style shape;style pubescence">styles connate, elongate, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="nectary quantity;nectary position">nectaries 3, septal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s26" data-properties="stigma shape;stigma condition or texture">stigma minutely 3-lobed, dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s27" data-properties="fruits drupe shape"><b>Fruits </b>drupes, ellipsoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s28" data-properties="exocarp coloration;exocarp architecture or pubescence or relief">exocarp black, smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s29" data-properties="mesocarp coloration">mesocarp blackish;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s30" data-properties="endocarp coloration;endocarp texture">endocarp brown, bony.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s31" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;raphe prominence;raphe dehiscence or orientation"><b>Seeds </b>brown, ellipsoid, with conspicuous longitudinal raphe;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s32" data-properties="endosperm texture;endosperm variability">endosperm bony, homogeneous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s33" data-properties="embryo position">embryo nearly basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s34" data-properties="">eophyll undivided, lanceolate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s35" data-properties="eophyll architecture or shape;eophyll shape">nx = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America
|discussion=<p>Serenoa, with a single polymorphic species, is endemic to the southeastern United States. It grows in a variety of habitats and communities including pine flatwoods, sand-pine scrub, and coastal sand dunes. It sometimes occurs in vast stands nearly excluding all other understory shrubs.</p><!--
--><p>The relationships of Serenoa are with Acoelorraphe, of the Caribbean Basin (N. W. Uhl et al. 1995), and perhaps Brahea, of Mexico and Central America (N. W. Uhl and J. Dransfield 1987).</p><!--
--><p>Species 1.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=bennett1998a
|text=Bennett, B. C. and J. R. Hicklin. 1998. Uses of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens, Arecaceae (Bartr.) Small (saw palmetto) in Florida. Econ. Bot. 52: 381--393.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hawkes1950a
|text=Hawkes, A. D. 1950. Notes on the palms 2. Saw palmetto Serenoa repens Small. Natl. Hort. Mag. 29: 93--95.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hilmon1968a
|text=Hilmon, J. B. 1968. Autecology of Ssaw Ppalmetto (Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small). Ph.D. dissertation. Duke University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=smith1972a
|text=Smith, D. 1972. Fruiting in the sSaw pPalmetto. Principes 16: 30--33.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Serenoa
|authority=Hooker f. in G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Arecaceae
|distribution=North America
|reference=bennett1998a;hawkes1950a;hilmon1968a;smith1972a
|publication title=in G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker,Gen. Pl.
|publication year=1883
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/62857cf6bca5c4637d27b113da92d27dbf9962f4/V22/V22_244.xml
|subfamily=Arecaceae subfam. Coryphoideae
|tribe=Arecaceae tribe Corypheae
|subtribe=Arecaceae (tribe Corypheae) subtribe Livistoninae
|genus=Serenoa
|abaxial hastulum development=developed
|abaxial hastulum shape=obtuse
|adaxial hastulum development=developed
|adaxial hastulum shape=obtuse
|anther fixation=versatile;dorsifixed
|apex shape=2-cleft;acute
|blade architecture=palmate
|calyx shape=3-lobed;cupulate
|costa presence=absent
|cross-vein prominence=conspicuous
|embryo position=basal
|endocarp coloration=brown
|endocarp texture=osseous
|endosperm texture=osseous
|endosperm variability=homogeneous
|eophyll architecture or shape=undivided
|eophyll shape=lanceolate
|exocarp architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|exocarp coloration=black
|filament fusion=connate
|filament shape=triangular
|flower architecture=sessile
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruits drupe shape=ellipsoid
|inflorescence arrangement=paniculate
|inflorescence orientation=ascending
|inflorescence position=axillary
|mesocarp coloration=blackish
|nectary position=septal
|nectary quantity=3
|order quantity=2;3
|ovule development=developing
|ovule quantity=1;3
|pair arrangement=singly
|peduncular bract quantity=2
|perianth architecture or arrangement=2-seriate
|petal arrangement=alternate;imbricate
|petal arrangement or shape=elliptic
|petal fusion=adnate
|petal orientation=reflexed
|petal quantity=3
|petiole architecture=armed
|pistil fusion=distinct
|pistil pubescence=glabrous
|pistil quantity=3
|plication arrangement=induplicate
|rachilla pubescence=pubescent
|raphe dehiscence or orientation=longitudinal
|raphe prominence=conspicuous
|seed coloration=brown
|seed shape=ellipsoid
|segment fusion=connate
|segment shape=lanceolate
|sheath fiber pubescence or texture=soft
|stamen quantity=6
|stem architecture=unbranched;branched
|stem growth form=procumbent
|stem orientation=ascending
|stem pubescence=smooth;striate
|stigma condition or texture=dry
|stigma shape=3-lobed
|style fusion=connate
|style pubescence=glabrous
|style shape=elongate
|tooth width=fine
|whole_organism arrangement or growth form=clustered
|whole_organism growth form=plant;shrubby
|whole_organism size=moderate
|whorl quantity=2
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Arecaceae (tribe Corypheae) subtribe Livistoninae]]