View source for Sibbaldia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sibbaldia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 284. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 137. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Potentilla sect. Sibbaldia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Hooker f.
|rank=section
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Potentilla subg. Sibbaldia
|authority=(Linnaeus) Syme
|rank=subgenus
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae;Rosaceae tribe Potentilleae;Sibbaldia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Potentilleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sibbaldia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Robert Sibbald, 1642–1722, professor of medicine at Edinburgh
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 120, 274, 298, 299, 304
|treatment_page=page 297
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, [0.1–] 0.2–1.5 (–2) [–3] dm, [subglabrous or] sparsely strigose to subappressed pilose [to densely tomentose or sericeous];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rootstock orientation;rootstock architecture;rootstock architecture or arrangement;rootstock texture">horizontal rootstocks branched, compact, woody.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem coloration"><b>Stems </b>1–10+, prostrate to ascending [or erect], green to reddish.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf duration;leaf condition;leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>deciduous or marcescent, mostly basal, alternate, ternate [or simple];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule duration;stipule fusion;stipule shape;stipule shape;margin architecture or shape">stipules persistent, basally adnate to petiole, sheathing, lanceolate to ovate, margins entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole presence">petiole present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;blade atypical some measurement;blade some measurement;blade architecture;leaflet quantity;leaflet shape;margin prominence or shape;margin shape;central tooth height or length or size;central tooth architecture or shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">blade bluntly ovate to obovate [or cordate] in outline, 1–3 [–4] cm, foliaceous, leaflets 3, cuneate or oblanceolate to broadly elliptic or obovate to nearly orbiculate, margins flat, shallowly (2–) 3 (–5) [–7] -toothed apically, central tooth usually shorter than others, venation pinnate, surfaces often more densely strigose on veins and margins, sometimes glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture or shape;inflorescence arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, (1–) 3–12-flowered, loosely capitate or corymbose (or flowers solitary);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bract presence;bract size">bracts present, reduced;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="bracteole presence">bracteoles absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pedicel presence;pedicel course;pedicel course"><b>Pedicels </b>present, straight or curved.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower diameter;flower diameter"><b>Flowers </b>4–7 [–10] mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="epicalyx bractlet quantity">epicalyx bractlets 5;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="hypanthium shape;hypanthium length;hypanthium atypical width;hypanthium width;hypanthium pubescence;hypanthium pubescence">hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–2 × 2–4 [–5] mm, usually strigose, sometimes glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal orientation;sepal shape">sepals 5, spreading, broadly lanceolate to ovate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="petal quantity;petal coloration;petal shape;petal height or length or size">petals 5, ± yellow, oblanceolate [to obovate], shorter [to slightly longer] than sepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen height or length or size;filament shape;filament pubescence;anther shape;anther dehiscence;theca architecture or arrangement or growth form;connective prominence;marginal slit architecture">stamens 5 [rarely 10], shorter than petals, filaments columnar, glabrous, anthers with theca solitary, ± horseshoe-shaped, rimming an indistinct connective, dehiscing by continuous marginal slit;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="torus shape">torus hemispheric;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="carpel atypical quantity;carpel quantity;carpel pubescence;style position;style shape">carpels 5–15 [–30], glabrous, styles lateral, narrowly clavate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovule 1.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="fruit duration;fruit atypical quantity;fruit quantity;fruit shape;fruit some measurement;fruit pubescence;achene arrangement"><b>Fruits </b>aggregated achenes, individually deciduous, 5–15 [–30], obliquely ovoid, 1.2–1.7 mm, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="hypanthium duration">hypanthium persistent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="sepal duration;sepal orientation">sepals persistent, erect;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="">styles tardily deciduous, jointed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="style duration;style architecture;x chromosome quantity">x = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;c Mexico;Eurasia
|discussion=<p>Species 6 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>When not included within Potentilla, Sibbaldia has been circumscribed to include 20 or more species, centered in the Himalayas (B. K. Dikshit and G. Panigrahi 1981; Li C. L. et al. 2003). This broad circumscription is not supported by molecular analyses (T. Eriksson et al. 1998, 2003; M. Lundberg et al. 2009; C. Dobeš and J. Paule 2010), in which S. procumbens (lectotype of the genus), S. cuneata Hornemann ex Kunze, S. parviflora Willdenow, and S. semiglabra C. A. Meyer form a clade in the Fragariinae; most other species nest within Potentilla. These molecular results coincide with morphological features emphasized by J. Soják (1985[1989], 2008), that is, each anther bearing a single horseshoe-shaped theca versus more typical paired thecae, and lateral versus subterminal attachment of narrowly clavate styles.</p><!--
--><p>This citation of six species in Sibbaldia follows J. Soják (2008, pers. comm.), largely coinciding with sect. Eusibbaldia by O. A. Muravjeva (1936). Included are the four species mentioned above plus S. aphanopetala Handel-Mazzetti and S. trullifolia (Hooker f.) Chatterjee. The last is an enigmatic, simple-leaved species that is known only from the type; it has not been included in molecular analyses. More recently, Soják (2012) has proposed treating S. aphanopetala, S. parviflora, and S. semiglabra as subspecies of S. procumbens, but without validly publishing the corresponding combinations. The three species of Sibbaldiopsis have also been included in Sibbaldia (J. Paule and Soják 2009; Soják 2012), but too late for full incorporation in the current treatment. All other species traditionally placed in Sibbaldia are relegated to Argentina Hill, Piletophyllum (Soják) Soják, Potentilla in the strict sense, or Sibbaldianthe Juzepczuk.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sibbaldia
|author=Barbara Ertter;James L. Reveal
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Potentilla sect. Sibbaldia;Potentilla subg. Sibbaldia
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|distribution=North America;c Mexico;Eurasia
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9_483.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Potentilleae
|genus=Sibbaldia
|achene arrangement=aggregated
|anther dehiscence=dehiscing
|anther shape=horseshoe--shaped
|blade architecture=foliaceous
|blade atypical some measurement=3cm;4cm
|blade shape=bluntly ovate;obovate
|blade some measurement=1cm;3cm
|bract presence=absent
|bract size=reduced
|bracteole presence=absent
|carpel atypical quantity=15;30
|carpel pubescence=glabrous
|carpel quantity=5;15
|central tooth architecture or shape=pinnate
|central tooth height or length or size=usually shorter
|connective prominence=indistinct
|epicalyx bractlet quantity=5
|filament pubescence=glabrous
|filament shape=columnar
|flower diameter=4mm;7mm
|fruit atypical quantity=15;30
|fruit duration=deciduous
|fruit pubescence=glabrous
|fruit quantity=5;15
|fruit shape=ovoid
|fruit some measurement=1.2mm;1.7mm
|hypanthium atypical width=4mm;5mm
|hypanthium duration=persistent
|hypanthium length=0.5mm;2mm
|hypanthium pubescence=glabrous;strigose
|hypanthium shape=cupulate
|hypanthium width=2mm;4mm
|inflorescence architecture=(1-)3-12-flowered
|inflorescence architecture or shape=capitate
|inflorescence arrangement=corymbose
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|leaf architecture=ternate
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf condition=marcescent
|leaf duration=deciduous
|leaf position=basal
|leaflet quantity=3
|leaflet shape=oblanceolate;broadly elliptic or obovate
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin prominence or shape=flat
|margin shape=(2-)3(-5)[-7]-toothed
|marginal slit architecture=continuous
|ovule quantity=1
|pedicel course=curved;straight
|pedicel presence=absent
|petal coloration=yellow
|petal height or length or size=shorter
|petal quantity=5
|petal shape=oblanceolate
|petiole presence=absent
|rootstock architecture=branched
|rootstock architecture or arrangement=compact
|rootstock orientation=horizontal
|rootstock texture=woody
|sepal duration=persistent
|sepal orientation=erect;spreading
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=broadly lanceolate;ovate
|stamen height or length or size=shorter
|stamen quantity=5
|stem coloration=green;reddish
|stem orientation=prostrate;ascending
|stem quantity=1;10
|stipule duration=persistent
|stipule fusion=adnate
|stipule shape=lanceolate;ovate
|style architecture=jointed
|style duration=deciduous
|style position=lateral
|style shape=clavate
|surface pubescence=glabrous;strigose
|theca architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|torus shape=hemispheric
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=1.5dm;2dm
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|whole_organism pubescence=sparsely strigose;subappressed pilose
|whole_organism some measurement=0.2dm;1.5dm
|x chromosome quantity=7
}}<!--

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