View source for Sicyos

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sicyos
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 1013. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 443. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Bur cucumber
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cucurbitaceae;Sicyos
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cucurbitaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sicyos]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek sikyos, cucumber or gourd
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 3, 4, 5
|treatment_page=page 25
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism orientation;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>annual, monoecious, climbing or trailing;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence">stems glabrous or hairy, often viscid-pubescent when young;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="root texture">roots fibrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="tendril architecture;point quantity">tendrils 2–5-branched from a common point.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>sessile or subsessile to petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;lobe shape;margin shape;surface architecture">blade ovate or orbiculate to suborbiculate or reniform, deeply to shallowly palmately 3–5-angular-lobed, lobes triangular to deltate, margins usually serrate to denticulate, surfaces eglandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower architecture;flower atypical quantity;flower quantity"><b>Inflorescences:</b> staminate flowers 3–22 (–34) in axillary racemes or panicles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower architecture;flower quantity;flower architecture;peduncle orientation">pistillate flowers 4–16, sessile to subsessile in umbelliform clusters at peduncle apex, from same axils as staminate, peduncles erect at apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bract presence">bracts absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="hypanthium shape"><b>Flowers:</b> hypanthium cupulate to shallowly campanulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape">sepals 5, ovate to deltate or subulate, linear, linear-triangular, or narrowly triangular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="petal quantity;petal fusion;petal length;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal shape;petal some measurement;petal pubescence;petal architecture or function or pubescence;corolla shape">petals 5, connate 1/4–1/2 length, white to greenish white, yellowish green, or yellow, triangular to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.5–1.5 mm, glabrous abaxially, often glandular adaxially, corolla campanulate to cupulate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower architecture;stamen atypical quantity;stamen atypical quantity;stamen quantity"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: stamens (2–) 3 (–5);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower architecture;filament fusion;filament some measurement">filaments inserted at base of hypanthium, connate 1 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower architecture;theca fusion;theca shape;connective width">thecae connate into head, horseshoe-shaped, connective slightly broadened;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower architecture;pistillode presence">pistillodes absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="flower architecture;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary shape"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers: ovary 1-locular, ovoid-fusiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="flower architecture;ovule quantity">ovules 1 per locule;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="flower architecture;style quantity;style size or width">style 1, narrow;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="flower architecture;stigma quantity;stigma shape">stigmas 1, obscurely 2–3-lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="flower architecture;staminode presence">staminodes absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="fruits pepo coloration;fruits pepo shape;fruits pepo architecture or shape;fruits pepo architecture or shape;fruits pepo condition or texture;fruits pepo architecture;fruits pepo architecture;fruits pepo architecture;fruits pepo pubescence;fruits pepo dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>pepos, dark green to gray at maturity, fusiform to ovoid, beaked or not, dry, thin-walled, echinate or spinulose, usually also with shorter hairs, rarely glabrous, indehiscent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;seed shape;seed architecture;margin variability;swelling quantity;swelling size"><b>Seeds </b>1, ovoid, compressed, not arillate, margins not differentiated but sometimes with 2 small swellings at base, surface smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="surface architecture or pubescence or relief;x chromosome quantity">x = 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands;Australia;in Europe;e Asia
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 50 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Attribution of Sicyos parviflorus A. Gray ex Naudin to the United States has been based on misapplication of the name. The type of S. parviflorus was collected from the vicinity of Mexico City, and the species occurs from central Mexico through Central America into South America (R. Lira 2001).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pepos ovoid-beaked, 9–15 mm; stigmas 3-lobed; e, c North America, including Texas.
|[[Sicyos angulatus|Sicyos angulatus]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Pepos ovoid, 4–8 mm; stigmas 2- or 3-lobed; Arizona, New Mexico, Texas
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pepos not echinate.
|[[Sicyos glaber|Sicyos glaber]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pepos echinate
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Staminate inflorescences 10–16-flowered, peduncle plus floral axis 40–140 mm; stigmas 3-lobed; mature stems glabrate to sparsely minutely stipitate-glandular; leaf blades deeply lobed, sinuses (1/3–)1/2–2/3 to base, margins not dentate, evenly sharply indurate-apiculate, proximal pair of lateral veins divergent from edge of basal sinus.
|[[Sicyos microphyllus|Sicyos microphyllus]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Staminate inflorescences 3–10-flowered, peduncle plus floral axis 3–25 mm; stigmas 2-lobed; mature stems glabrescent but remaining villous and stipitate-glandular; leaf blades shallowly lobed to angulate, sinuses 1/5–1/4 to base, margins evenly and shallowly dentate, teeth sharply indurate-apiculate, proximal pair of lateral veins closely bordering edge of basal sinus.
|[[Sicyos laciniatus|Sicyos laciniatus]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sicyos
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Cucurbitaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands;Australia;in Europe;e Asia
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V6/V6_36.xml
|genus=Sicyos
|blade shape=orbiculate;suborbiculate or reniform
|bract presence=absent
|connective width=broadened
|corolla shape=campanulate;cupulate
|filament fusion=connate
|filament some measurement=1
|flower architecture=pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate;staminate;sessile;subsessile
|flower atypical quantity=22;34
|flower quantity=4;16
|fruits pepo architecture=spinulose;echinate;thin-walled
|fruits pepo architecture or shape=not;beaked
|fruits pepo coloration=dark green;gray
|fruits pepo condition or texture=dry
|fruits pepo dehiscence=indehiscent
|fruits pepo pubescence=glabrous
|fruits pepo shape=fusiform;ovoid
|hypanthium shape=cupulate;shallowly campanulate
|leaf architecture=subsessile;petiolate
|lobe shape=triangular;deltate
|margin shape=usually serrate;denticulate
|margin variability=not differentiated
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=1-locular
|ovary shape=ovoid-fusiform
|ovule quantity=1
|peduncle orientation=erect
|petal architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
|petal coloration=white;greenish white yellowish green or yellow
|petal fusion=connate
|petal length=1/4;1/2
|petal pubescence=glabrous
|petal quantity=5
|petal shape=triangular;lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate
|petal some measurement=0.5mm;1.5mm
|pistillode presence=absent
|point quantity=common
|root texture=fibrous
|seed architecture=not arillate
|seed quantity=1
|seed shape=compressed;ovoid
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=ovate;deltate or subulate linear linear-triangular or narrowly triangular
|stamen atypical quantity=3;5
|stamen quantity=3
|staminode presence=absent
|stem pubescence=viscid-pubescent;hairy;glabrous
|stigma quantity=1
|stigma shape=2-3-lobed
|style quantity=1
|style size or width=narrow
|surface architecture=eglandular
|surface architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|swelling quantity=2
|swelling size=small
|tendril architecture=2-5-branched
|theca fusion=connate
|theca shape=horseshoe--shaped
|whole_organism duration=annual
|whole_organism growth form=plant;climbing
|whole_organism orientation=trailing
|whole_organism reproduction=monoecious
|x chromosome quantity=12
}}<!--

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