View source for Silene regia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Silene regia
|accepted_authority=Sims
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bot. Mag.
|place=41: plate 1724. 1815
|year=1815
}}
|common_names=Royal catchfly
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Melandrium illinoense
|authority=Rohrbach
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Melandrium reginum
|authority=(Sims) A. Braun
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae;Silene;Silene regia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Silene]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Silene regia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 169, 201
|treatment_page=page 200
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot fragility or size;taproot texture">taproot stout, fleshy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem position;stem some measurement;stem pubescence;stem architecture or function or pubescence"><b>Stems </b>several, erect, simple proximal to inflorescence, 50–160 cm, glabrous to sparsely retrorse-puberulent proximally, more densely so and glandular distally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf life cycle;leaf architecture;leaf size;pair quantity"><b>Leaves </b>withered towards base at anthesis, in 10–20 pairs, sessile, gradually reduced distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade width;apex shape;apex shape;apex pubescence;apex pubescence">blade 3-veined, lanceolate to ovate, rounded into base, 4–12 cm × 20–50 mm, apex acute, not acuminate, glabrous to scabrous-puberulent adaxially, scabrous-puberulent abaxially.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence atypical length;inflorescence length;inflorescence width"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, cymose, compound, many-flowered, bracteate, pedunculate, 15–25 (–30) × 5–10 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract shape;bract some measurement">bracts lanceolate, 3–30 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle orientation">peduncle ascending.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel length or size;pedicel pubescence;pedicel pubescence"><b>Pedicels </b>1–4 times longer than calyx, stipitate-glandular, puberulent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="calyx architecture;calyx shape;calyx length;calyx width;calyx size;calyx shape;calyx size;calyx pubescence;vein coloration;lobe some measurement;midrib shape;margin coloration;margin width;margin texture"><b>Flowers:</b> calyx prominently 10-veined, tubular in flower, 18–25 × 3–4 mm, swelling in middle to 6–9 mm in fruit, umbilicate, constricted near base around carpophore, glandular-pubescent, especially on veins, veins green, lobes 2–4 mm, midrib lanceolate, margins often red tinged, broad, membranous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla shape;calyx variability;limb shape;limb shape;limb shape;limb length;limb width;apex shape;appendage quantity;appendage shape;appendage some measurement">corolla scarlet, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb oblong to elliptic, unlobed, rarely emarginate or shallowly 2-lobed, 10–20 × 5–6 mm, apex rounded, appendages 2, tubular, 2–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen position">stamens exserted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style atypical quantity;style quantity;style position">styles 3 (–5), exserted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule shape;calyx variability;tooth quantity;tooth orientation"><b>Capsules </b>ovoid-ellipsoid, narrowed at both ends, equaling calyx, opening by 6 (or 8 or 10) ascending teeth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="carpophore some measurement">carpophore 3–5 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;seed some measurement;seed shape;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>dark reddish-brown, reniform, 1.5–2 mm, with smooth and glossy, flat or concave sides, margins angled, shallowly rugose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="margin shape;margin relief;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 48.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall.
|habitat=Dry prairies, rocky open woods, woodland edges and thickets
|elevation=100-400 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;Mo.;Ohio;Tenn.
|discussion=<p>Silene regia is a very distinct, spectacular species with tall stems, a narrow, many-flowered inflorescence, and bright red petals. It is probably related to S. laciniata via S. subciliata.</p><!--
--><p>Silene regia is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Silene regia
|authority=Sims
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Melandrium illinoense;Melandrium reginum
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall.
|habitat=Dry prairies, rocky open woods, woodland edges and thickets
|elevation=100-400 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;Mo.;Ohio;Tenn.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bot. Mag.
|publication year=1815
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_409.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae
|genus=Silene
|species=Silene regia
|2n chromosome quantity=48
|apex pubescence=scabrous-puberulent;glabrous;scabrous-puberulent adaxially
|apex shape=rounded;not acuminate;acute
|appendage quantity=2
|appendage shape=tubular
|appendage some measurement=2mm;4mm
|blade architecture=3-veined
|blade length=4cm;12cm
|blade shape=rounded;lanceolate;ovate
|blade width=20mm;50mm
|bract shape=lanceolate
|bract some measurement=3mm;30mm
|calyx architecture=10-veined
|calyx length=18mm;25mm
|calyx pubescence=glandular-pubescent
|calyx shape=umbilicate;tubular
|calyx size=constricted;swelling
|calyx variability=equaling;equaling
|calyx width=3mm;4mm
|capsule shape=narrowed;ovoid-ellipsoid
|carpophore some measurement=3mm;5mm
|corolla coloration=scarlet
|corolla shape=clawed
|inflorescence architecture=pedunculate;bracteate;many-flowered;compound;cymose
|inflorescence atypical length=25cm;30cm
|inflorescence length=15cm;25cm
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|inflorescence width=5cm;10cm
|leaf architecture=sessile
|leaf life cycle=withered
|leaf size=reduced
|limb length=10mm;20mm
|limb shape=oblong;elliptic unlobed rarely emarginate or shallowly 2-lobed
|limb width=5mm;6mm
|lobe some measurement=2mm;4mm
|margin coloration=red tinged
|margin relief=rugose
|margin shape=angled
|margin texture=membranous
|margin width=broad
|midrib shape=lanceolate
|pair quantity=10;20
|pedicel length or size=1-4 times longer than calyx
|pedicel pubescence=puberulent;stipitate-glandular
|peduncle orientation=ascending
|seed coloration=dark reddish-brown
|seed shape=concave;flat;reniform
|seed some measurement=1.5mm;2mm
|stamen position=exserted
|stem architecture=simple
|stem architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
|stem orientation=erect
|stem position=proximal
|stem pubescence=glabrous;sparsely retrorse-puberulent
|stem quantity=several
|stem some measurement=50cm;160cm
|style atypical quantity=3;5
|style position=exserted
|style quantity=3
|taproot fragility or size=stout
|taproot texture=fleshy
|tooth orientation=ascending
|tooth quantity=6
|vein coloration=green
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=plant
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Silene]]