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2n chromosome quantity
14 +
Abaxial face pubescence
hispid +  and scabrous +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Anther theca coloration
dark +
Apex fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Apex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Apex shape
acute;acuminate +
Apex size
subequal +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage presence
absent +
Apical appendage shape
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
Appendage pubescence
hirsute +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Appendage shape
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
Array architecture
racemiform +  and paniculiform +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Author
Jennifer A. Clevinger +
Authority
Linnaeus +
Awn architecture
bristlelike +
Awn quantity
2 +
Awn shape
coroniform +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Basal leaf duration
caducous +
Base architecture or shape
truncate +
Base shape
attenuate +
Blade architecture
compound +  and simple +
Blade arrangement or shape
elliptic +
Blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (41 cm410 mm <br />0.41 m <br />) +
Blade shape
ovate;lanceolate;ovate;lanceolate;deltate +
Blade width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (24 cm240 mm <br />0.24 m <br />) +
Body architecture
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body relief
tuberculate +  and rugose +
Bractlet quantity
1;15 +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Bristle architecture
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Bristle shape
Plumose (?) +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Calyculus quantity
Of 1 (15+ bractlets) +
Cauline leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Cauline leaf arrangement
whorled +  and opposite +
Corolla architecture
zygomorphic +
Corolla coloration
yellow +
Cypsela architecture
winged +
Cypsela architecture or shape
ribbed +
Cypsela growth form
dimorphic +
Cypsela length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Cypsela pubescence
hairy +  and glabrous +
Cypsela shape
less orbiculate +  and obovate or cuneate +
Cypsela width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Disc-floret architecture
staminate +
Disc-floret atypical quantity
150 (200) +
Disc-floret quantity
85 (150) +
Disc-floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distribution
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
Elevation
50–500 m +
Embryo course
straight +
Face pubescence
scabrous +  and hispid +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
Floret atypical quantity
5;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret quantity
1;5 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Glomerule arrangement
singly +
Habitat
Wet prairies, open forests, and river bottoms +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head architecture or shape
discoid +
Head arrangement
in cymiform , corymbiform , paniculiform , racemiform or spiciform , arrays +  and singly +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head reproduction
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Involucre diameter
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
campanulate;hemispheric +
Leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +, subopposite +, opposite +  and whorled +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
deltate +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +
Margin shape
bidentate +  and dentate +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer phyllary fixation or orientation
appressed +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pappus duration
persistent +
Pappus fragility
fragile +
Pappus life cycle
falling +
Pappus presence
absent +
Pappus some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Peduncle pubescence
usually scabrous +  and hispid +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
In 1 (3+ series) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Phenology
Flowering summer–early fall. +
Phyllary duration
persistent +
Phyllary fusion
distinct +
Phyllary life cycle
falling +
Phyllary quantity
25 +  and 37 +
Phyllary shape
Ovate (Orbiculate) +
Phyllary size
unequal +  and subequal +
Phyllary texture
Herbaceous (Chartaceous) +
Publication title
Syst. Nat. ed. +
Publication year
1759 +
Ray-floret architecture
pistillate +
Ray-floret atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
17 (35) +
Ray-floret reproduction
fertile +
Receptacle architecture
paleate +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle shape
flat;slightly convex +
Reference
None +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Series quantity
2;3 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21 177.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem architecture
branched +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stem pubescence
scabrous +, hispid +  and glabrous +
Stem shape
square +
Stigmatic papilla architecture
continuous +
Stigmatic papilla quantity
0 +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +
Synonyms
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Enceliinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Engelmanniinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Spilanthinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Verbesininae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Zinniinae +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum +
Taxon parent
Silphium perfoliatum +
Taxon rank
variety +
Throat shape
cylindric +
Throat size or width
narrow +
Tube height or length or size
much shorter +
Tube shape
cylindric +
Tube size or length
shorter to longer than campanulate +
Ultimate margin shape
toothed +  and entire +
Volume
Volume 21 +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +
Whole-organism some measurement
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
Whole organism architecture
fibrous-rooted +  and caulescent +
Whole organism atypical some measurement
200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +
Whole organism average some measurement
2500cm (10cm) +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism some measurement
75cm (300cm) +
X chromosome quantity
7 +