View source for Spergula ← Spergula You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Spergula |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=1: 440. 1753 |year=1753 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. |place=ed. 5, 199. 1754 |year=1754 }} |common_names=Spurrey;spargoute |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae;Spergula |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Spergula]]</div></div> |etymology=Latin spargo, scatter or sow, alluding to discharge of seeds |volume=Volume 5 |mention_page=page 4, 6, 9 |treatment_page=page 14 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual or winter-annual.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot size"><b>Taproots </b>slender to ± stout, especially proximally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem shape;stem arrangement or shape"><b>Stems </b>spreading or ascending to erect, simple or branched, terete to somewhat angular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf fusion;axillary cluster quantity;axillary cluster quantity;ridge prominence;ridge architecture"><b>Leaves </b>opposite but appearing whorled, as 8–15 per axillary cluster, 2 clusters per node, connate proximally by often-prominent ridge from which stipules arise, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule quantity;stipule coloration;stipule shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or dehiscence;apex shape">stipules 4 per node, white, ovate to triangular, margins entire but splitting variously with age, apex obtuse to acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;blade shape;blade texture;apex shape">blade 1-veined, linear or filiform, sometimes succulent, apex blunt to apiculate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture;cyme density"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, open to diffuse cymes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bract arrangement;bract size">bracts paired, minute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel orientation;pedicel orientation;pedicel architecture"><b>Pedicels </b>erect to ascending, spreading or usually reflexed and sometimes secund in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture"><b>Flowers </b>usually bisexual, sometimes pistillate by stamen abortion;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="perianth position;androecium position">perianth and androecium briefly perigynous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="hypanthium shape;hypanthium shape;hypanthium size">hypanthium dish or cupshaped, not abruptly expanded distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sepal fusion;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;sepal growth form or texture;margin texture;apex shape">sepals distinct, silvery, elliptic to nearly ovate, 2.5–5 mm, herbaceous, margins scarious, apex acute to obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="petal quantity;petal coloration;blade apex architecture or shape">petals 5, white, blade apex entire;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sepal arrangement">nectaries at adaxial base of broader filaments opposite sepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen orientation;sepal arrangement;sepal quantity;rim shape">stamens 5 and opposite sepals, or 10 and arising from distally tapered rim of hypanthium;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="filament fusion">filaments distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="style quantity;style fusion;style shape;style some measurement;style pubescence">styles 5, distinct, filiform, 0.4–0.6 mm, glabrous proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="stigma quantity;stigma arrangement or course or shape;stigma relief;stigma quantity">stigmas 5, linear along adaxial surface of styles, obscurely papillate (30×).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="capsule shape;valve quantity;valve orientation;valve orientation"><b>Capsules </b>ovoid, opening by 5 spreading to somewhat recurved valves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="carpophore presence">carpophore absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed relief;seed relief;seed texture;marginal wing architecture or shape;marginal wing presence;appendage presence"><b>Seeds </b>5–25, blackish, circular, subglobose or lenticular and laterally compressed, nearly smooth or finely papillate, membranous, entire marginal wing often present, appendage absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="">embryo peripheral, annular to spirally curved.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="embryo position;embryo shape;embryo course;x chromosome quantity">x = 9.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Eurasia (esp. Mediterranean region);Eurasia (Europe) |introduced=true |discussion=<p>Species 5 (3 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Spergula arvensis is the only species of the genus that has been introduced extensively outside of Eurasia.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades usually appearing terete, 1.5-3(-5) cm, margins often revolute, forming abaxial channel; seeds subglobose, sometimes with keel or wing ± 0.1 mm wide |[[Spergula arvensis|Spergula arvensis]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades usually flat, 0.3-1.5(-2) cm, usually not channeled abaxially; seeds lenticular, laterally compressed, wings 0.2-0.6 mm wide |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Seed wings light brown to brownish black, 0.2-0.3 mm wide; stamens usually 10 |[[Spergula morisonii|Spergula morisonii]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Seed wings white or sometimes slightly tannish, 0.4-0.6 mm wide; stamens usually 5 |[[Spergula pentandra|Spergula pentandra]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Spergula |author=Ronald L. Hartman;Richard K. Rabeler |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=subfamily |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Caryophyllaceae |illustrator=Barbara Alongi |illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association |distribution=Eurasia (esp. Mediterranean region);Eurasia (Europe) |introduced=true |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. |publication year=1753;1754 |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_16.xml |subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Polycarpoideae |genus=Spergula |androecium position=perigynous |apex shape=acute;obtuse |appendage presence=absent |axillary cluster quantity=2;8;15 |blade apex architecture or shape=entire |blade architecture=1-veined |blade shape=filiform;linear |blade texture=succulent |bract arrangement=paired |bract size=minute |capsule shape=ovoid |carpophore presence=absent |cyme density=diffuse |embryo course=curved |embryo position=peripheral |embryo shape=annular |filament fusion=distinct |flower architecture=pistillate |flower reproduction=bisexual |hypanthium shape=cup-shaped;dish |hypanthium size=expanded |inflorescence architecture=open |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |leaf arrangement=cluster;whorled;opposite |leaf fusion=connate |margin architecture or dehiscence=splitting |margin architecture or shape=entire |margin texture=scarious |marginal wing architecture or shape=entire |marginal wing presence=absent |pedicel architecture=secund |pedicel orientation=erect;ascending spreading or usually reflexed |perianth position=perigynous |petal coloration=white |petal quantity=5 |ridge architecture=sessile |ridge prominence=often-prominent |rim shape=tapered |seed coloration=blackish |seed quantity=5;25 |seed relief=papillate;smooth |seed shape=compressed;lenticular;subglobose;circular |seed texture=membranous |sepal arrangement=opposite;opposite |sepal coloration=silvery |sepal fusion=distinct |sepal growth form or texture=herbaceous |sepal quantity=10 |sepal shape=elliptic;nearly ovate |sepal some measurement=2.5mm;5mm |stamen orientation=arising |stamen quantity=5 |stem architecture=branched;simple |stem arrangement or shape=angular |stem orientation=ascending;erect |stem shape=terete to somewhat |stigma arrangement or course or shape=linear |stigma quantity=[30;5 |stigma relief=papillate |stipule coloration=white |stipule quantity=4 |stipule shape=ovate;triangular |style fusion=distinct |style pubescence=glabrous |style quantity=5 |style shape=filiform |style some measurement=0.4mm;0.6mm |taproot size=slender;more or less stout |valve orientation=recurved;spreading to somewhat |valve quantity=5 |whole_organism duration=winter-annual;annual |whole_organism growth form=herb |x chromosome quantity=9 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Caryophyllaceae subfam. 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