View source for Sphagnum fuscum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sphagnum fuscum
|accepted_authority=(Schimper) H. Klinggraff
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Schriften Phys.-Ökon. Ges. Konigsberg
|place=13: 4. 1872,
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Sphagnum acutifolium var. fuscum
|authority=Schimper
|rank=variety
|publication_title=Mém. Hist. Nat. Sphaignes,
|publication_place=64. 1857
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sphagnum tenuifolium
|authority=Warnstorf
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Sphagnum vancouveriense
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Sphagnaceae;Sphagnum;Sphagnum sect. Acutifolia;Sphagnum fuscum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Sphagnaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sphagnum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Sphagnum sect. Acutifolia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Sphagnum fuscum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 19, 86, 87, 89, 90, 92, 93, 96, 97
|treatment_page=page 94
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism size;whole_organism fragility;whole_organism architecture or arrangement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>small and slender, stiff and usually compact, capitulum small and flattopped;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="capitulum size;capitulum depth;growth coloration;growth coloration;growth duration">typically deep reddish-brown, also greenish brown in shaded habitats and in early seasonal growth, without metallic lustre when dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem coloration"><b>Stems </b>dark reddish-brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">superficial cortical cells aporose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf-stem shape;leaf-stem distance"><b>Stem-</b>leaves lingulate, 0.8–1.3 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex broadly rounded and entire to lacerate, sometimes slightly mucronate or slightly denticulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bud coloration;bud shape;bud architecture;bud architecture">hyaline cells rhombic, 0–1 (–2) -septate, usually efibrillose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="branch length or size;branch size;branch arrangement;branch arrangement"><b>Branches </b>long and slender to short and compact, unranked to 5-ranked.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="branch arrangement;branch quantity;branch orientation;branch quantity;branch orientation"><b>Branch </b>fascicles with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="branch leaf shape;branch leaf some measurement;branch leaf course;branch leaf shape;apex shape or vernation"><b>Branch </b>leaves ovatelanceolate, 1.1–1.3 mm, straight, concave, apex strongly involute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="margin architecture or shape;bud coloration;surface shape;pore shape;pore size;pore size;pore size;pore shape">margins entire, hyaline cells on convex surface with round to elliptic pores along the commissures, grading from small pores near the leaf apex to large pores near the base, concave surface with large round pores in proximal marginal regions of leaf.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="surface shape;surface reproduction;surface reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="spore some measurement;spore relief;spore relief"><b>Spores </b>17–30 µm, finely papillose on proximal surface and pusticulate on distal surface;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="proximal laesurum quantity">proximal laesura less than 0.5 spore radius.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Capsules mature late summer.
|habitat=Mires, hummocks, fens
|elevation=low to high elevations
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho.;Ill.;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Eurasia
|discussion=<p>Sphagnum fuscum is common in ombrotrophic mires and alpine mountain summits where it may form small to large hummocks to 1 m in height, more infrequently in weakly minerotrophic mires and richer fens.</p><!--
--><p>Sporophytes are common in Sphagnum fuscum, which is associated with S. angustifolium, S. fallax, S. magellanicum, S. papillosum, and more infrequently with S. teres, and S. warnstorfii in richer sites. Very widespread but generally easily recognized, it is the only small brown hummock-forming species of sect. Acutifolia over most of its range. There are some significant variations in this species. The stem leaves can vary from having a rounded, entire apex to having a somewhat flat and lacerate apex. The branches also vary from being unranked and slender to 5-ranked and blunt. The color also can vary from a light to a dark brown. There does not seem, however, to be any consistent pattern to these variations and thus no taxonomic recognition has been given to them. See also discussion under 73. S. flavicomans.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sphagnum fuscum
|authority=(Schimper) H. Klinggraff
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Sphagnum tenuifolium;Sphagnum vancouveriense
|basionyms=Sphagnum acutifolium var. fuscum
|family=Sphagnaceae
|phenology=Capsules mature late summer.
|habitat=Mires, hummocks, fens
|elevation=low to high elevations
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho.;Ill.;Ind.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Eurasia
|reference=None
|publication title=Schriften Phys.-Ökon. Ges. Konigsberg
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V27/V27_93.xml
|genus=Sphagnum
|section=Sphagnum sect. Acutifolia
|species=Sphagnum fuscum
|apex shape=denticulate;mucronate;entire;lacerate
|apex shape or vernation=involute
|branch arrangement=fascicles;unranked;5-ranked
|branch leaf course=straight
|branch leaf shape=concave;ovatelanceolate
|branch leaf some measurement=1.1mm;1.3mm
|branch length or size=long
|branch orientation=pendent;spreading
|branch quantity=1;2
|branch size=slender;short
|bud architecture=efibrillose;0-1(-2)-septate
|bud coloration=hyaline;hyaline
|bud shape=rhombic
|capitulum depth=deep
|capitulum size=small
|growth coloration=greenish brown;reddish-brown
|growth duration=seasonal
|leaf-stem distance=0.8mm;1.3mm
|leaf-stem shape=lingulate
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|pore shape=round;round;elliptic
|pore size=large;large;small
|proximal laesurum quantity=0;0.5
|spore relief=pusticulate;papillose
|spore some measurement=17um;30um
|stem coloration=dark reddish-brown
|surface reproduction=dioicous;sexual
|surface shape=concave;convex
|whole_organism architecture or arrangement=compact
|whole_organism fragility=stiff
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism size=slender;small
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Sphagnum sect. Acutifolia]]