View source for Stanleya

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Stanleya
|accepted_authority=Nuttall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. N. Amer. Pl.
|place=2: 71. 1818
|year=1818
}}
|common_names=Prince’s plume
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Thelypodieae;Stanleya
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Thelypodieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stanleya]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Edward Smith Stanley, 1775–1851, British statesman and ornithologist
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 230, 232, 245, 246
|treatment_page=page 695
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, shrubs, or subshrubs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="">(base usually woody);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="">not scapose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="whole-organism architecture;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form">glabrous or pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>usually erect, rarely ascending, unbranched or branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>cauline and, sometimes, basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf architecture;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape">basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins entire, lyrately lobed or 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">cauline blade (base sometimes auriculate or amplexicaul), margins entire or dentate to pinnatifid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties=""><b>Racemes </b>considerably elongated in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="raceme length;raceme orientation;raceme arrangement;raceme orientation;raceme size"><b>Fruiting </b>pedicels horizontal, divaricate, or divaricate-ascending, slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="sepal orientation;sepal arrangement or course or shape;sepal arrangement or course or shape;sepal position;sepal architecture or shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals spreading to reflexed, oblong-linear or linear, lateral pair not saccate basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape;claw variability">petals usually yellow or whitish, rarely white or yellow-orange, obovate, orbicular, oblong, linear, filiform, or oblanceolate, claw distinctly differentiated from blade (claw glabrous or papillose);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower variability">stamens (exserted), equal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="filament shape">filaments not dilated basally, (often papillose basally);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="anther arrangement or course or shape">anthers linear, (strongly spirally coiled after dehiscence);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="nectar gland shape;nectar gland position;nectar gland presence;nectar gland presence;nectar gland arrangement">lateral nectar glands annular, median present or absent, confluent with lateral ones.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit arrangement or course or shape;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit architecture"><b>Fruits </b>long-stipitate, linear, often torulose, terete or latiseptate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="valve pubescence;midvein prominence">valves each with prominent midvein, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="replum shape">replum rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="septum architecture">septum complete;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 22–70 per ovary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="style prominence;style fusion">style obsolete or distinct (to 1.7 mm);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape;stigma architecture or shape">stigma capitate, entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="seed architecture or arrangement;seed size;seed architecture;seed shape;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>uniseriate, plump, not winged, usually oblong, rarely ovoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="seed-coat coating">seed-coat (obscurely reticulate), slightly mucilaginous when wetted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s26" data-properties="">cotyledons accumbent to incumbent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s27" data-properties="cotyledon arrangement;x chromosome quantity">x = 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w;c United States
|discussion=<p>Species 7 (7 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Both R. C. Rollins (1993) and N. H. Holmgren (2005b) reported n = 12 and 2n = 24 for various species of Stanleya. However, those counts, all reported previously by Rollins (1939c), are erroneous; no species of the genus has numbers deviating from n = 14 or 28.</p><!--
--><p>All species of Stanleya are well-defined, and interspecific hybridization has not yet been reported. One species, S. pinnata, is a hyperaccumulator of selenium and is a good indicator for the presence of this element in soils. Poisoning of livestock results from their feeding on large quantities of plants of this species.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=rollins1939c
|text=Rollins, R. C. 1939c. The cruciferous genus Stanleya. Lloydia 2: 109–127.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Cauline leaves sessile, blade bases auriculate to sagittate
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Cauline leaves petiolate, blade bases not auriculate or sagittate
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Annuals or biennials (without caudex); racemes dense; sepals 6-12 mm; petals linear to filiform, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, margins crisped; fruiting pedicels 10-20(-26) mm.
|[[Stanleya confertiflora|Stanleya confertiflora]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Perennials (with caudex); racemes loose; sepals 12-18 mm; petals narrowly oblanceolate, 1-3 mm wide, margins usually erose, rarely subentire and crisped; fruiting pedicels 4-9(-12) mm.
|[[Stanleya viridiflora|Stanleya viridiflora]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Basal leaf blades: surfaces densely tomentose; fruiting pedicels 11-22 mm; petals with glabrous claws; fruits flattened.
|[[Stanleya tomentosa|Stanleya tomentosa]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Basal leaf blades: surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent; fruiting pedicels 3-11(-15) mm; petals with pubescent claws (except S. elata); fruits terete or subterete
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Cauline leaf blades: margins usually entire, rarely dentate proximally
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Cauline leaf blades: margins often pinnatisect, pinnatifid, 2-pinnatifid, lyrate-pinnatifid, or runcinate
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals linear, 0.3-1 mm wide, claws glabrous; ovules 46-70 per ovary; filaments 5-13 mm; Arizona, California, s, w Nevada.
|[[Stanleya elata|Stanleya elata]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Petals oblanceolate to oblong, 2-3 mm wide, claws pubescent; ovules 10-38 per ovary; filaments 11-28 mm; Colorado, Kansas, Nevada, sw Texas, Utah, Wyoming.
|[[Stanleya pinnata|Stanleya pinnata]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Biennials; petals orbicular to broadly obovate, (2.5-)3-6 mm wide; fruits suberect to ascending, slightly curved inward.
|[[Stanleya albescens|Stanleya albescens]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Perennials; petals oblanceolate or oblong, 0.8-3 mm wide; fruits usually spreading or divaricate, rarely ascending, sometimes curved downward
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Cauline leaf blades: margins sometimes 2-pinnatifid; sepals 6.5-10 mm; petals 5-12 mm; filaments glabrous basally; gynophores 4-11 mm; fruits torulose, tortuous.
|[[Stanleya bipinnata|Stanleya bipinnata]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Cauline leaf blades: margins not 2-pinnatifid; sepals 9-16 mm; petals 10-20 mm; filaments pilose basally; gynophores 7-28 mm; fruits smooth, not tortuous.
|[[Stanleya pinnata|Stanleya pinnata]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Stanleya
|author=Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz
|authority=Nuttall
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|distribution=w;c United States
|reference=rollins1939c
|publication title=Gen. N. Amer. Pl.
|publication year=1818
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V7/V7_1197.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Thelypodieae
|genus=Stanleya
|anther arrangement or course or shape=linear
|basal leaf architecture=petiolate
|basal leaf arrangement=rosulate
|blade margin shape=2-pinnatifid;1-pinnatifid;lobed;entire
|claw variability=differentiated
|cotyledon arrangement=accumbent;incumbent
|filament shape=dilated
|flower variability=equal
|fruit architecture=latiseptate;long-stipitate
|fruit arrangement or course or shape=linear
|fruit shape=terete;torulose
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf position=basal;cauline
|margin architecture or shape=dentate to pinnatifid;entire
|midvein prominence=prominent
|nectar gland arrangement=confluent
|nectar gland position=median
|nectar gland presence=absent;absent
|nectar gland shape=annular
|ovule quantity=22;70
|petal coloration=yellow-orange;white;whitish;yellow;yellow-orange;white;whitish;yellow
|petal shape=oblanceolate;filiform;oblanceolate;filiform;linear;oblong;orbicular;obovate
|raceme arrangement=divaricate
|raceme length=elongated
|raceme orientation=divaricate-ascending;horizontal
|raceme size=slender
|replum shape=rounded
|seed architecture=not winged
|seed architecture or arrangement=uniseriate
|seed shape=ovoid;oblong
|seed size=plump
|seed-coat coating=mucilaginous
|sepal architecture or shape=saccate
|sepal arrangement or course or shape=linear;oblong-linear
|sepal orientation=spreading;reflexed
|sepal position=lateral
|septum architecture=complete
|stem architecture=branched;unbranched
|stem orientation=ascending;erect
|stigma architecture or shape=entire;capitate
|style fusion=distinct
|style prominence=obsolete
|valve pubescence=glabrous
|whole-organism architecture=not scapose
|whole-organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole-organism pubescence=pubescent;glabrous
|whole_organism architecture=not scapose;not scapose
|whole_organism growth form=subshrub;shrub
|whole_organism pubescence=pubescent;glabrous;pubescent;glabrous
|x chromosome quantity=14
}}<!--

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