View source for Stillingia sylvatica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Stillingia sylvatica
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|place=12, 2: 637. 1767
|year=1767
}}
|common_names=Queen’s delight
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Stillingia angustifolia
|authority=(Müller Arg.) Engelmann ex S. Watson
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=S. sylvatica var. salicifolia
|authority=Torrey
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=S. sylvatica subsp. tenuis
|authority=(Small) D. J. Rogers
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=S. tenuis
|authority=Small
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Stillingia;Stillingia sylvatica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stillingia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Stillingia sylvatica]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 234
|treatment_page=page 236
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;rhizome texture"><b>Herbs </b>or subshrubs, perennial, with woody rhizome.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture or arrangement or growth form;stem architecture or arrangement;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem atypical some measurement;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>solitary or fascicled, erect or ascending, mostly unbranched, (1–) 2.5–7 (–12) dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stipule presence">stipules absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole atypical some measurement;petiole some measurement">petiole 0–0.4 (–0.8) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade length;blade width;base shape;base shape;margin shape;tooth orientation;tip prominence;tip coloration;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">blade ovate, elliptic, lanceolate, obovate, or oblanceolate, 1–10 × 0.5–-3 cm, base acute or broadly cuneate, margins serrulate to crenulate, teeth without prominent blackened tips, incurved, apex acute, obtuse or rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="midvein prominence;secondary-vein prominence">midvein prominent, secondary-veins ± obscure.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>sessile or short-pedunculate, 3–9 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="cymule architecture;cymule arrangement;cymule architecture">staminate cymules ± crowded, 4–7-flowered;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower architecture;flower quantity;flower arrangement">pistillate flowers 3–4, crowded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="bract shape;bract length;bract width;apex shape;apex shape;gland shape;gland architecture;gland diameter">bracts broadly ovate, 1.5 × 2 mm, apex rounded or obtuse, glands patelliform, sessile, 1.5–2 mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower architecture;calyx some measurement"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: calyx 1 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal duration;sepal quantity;sepal development;sepal arrangement or shape"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers: sepals persistent, 3, well developed, elliptic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower architecture;style fusion;style length;style some measurement">styles connate 1/3 length, to 5 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule diameter;capsule shape"><b>Capsules </b>globose, 6–12 mm diam., shallowly 3-lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="">lobes of gynobase 4–6 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="columella duration">columella not persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed coloration;seed height or length or size;seed shape;seed length;seed width;seed relief"><b>Seeds </b>light gray, short cylindric, 4.5 × 3 mm, rugose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="caruncle coloration;caruncle shape;caruncle some measurement">caruncle white, broadly crescent-shaped, 1–1.3 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jun; fruiting Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Well-drained sandy soils, sandhills, pine flatwoods.
|elevation=0–1400 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Colo.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|discussion=<p>Throughout the range of Stillingia sylvatica, leaves vary widely in length/width ratio, though seldom on the same plant.</p><!--
--><p>Some populations in southern Florida have been recognized as Stillingia tenuis or S. sylvatica subsp. tenuis on the basis of linear or narrowly linear-elliptic leaves and slender, reddish inflorescences. Leaf blades of the southern Florida populations vary from linear to broadly elliptic and the reddish cast of the inflorescence is characteristic of only some of these populations and also occurs in S. aquatica. D. J. Rogers (1951) and G. L. Webster (1967) suggested that the characteristics used to define S. tenuis may be the result of introgression of S. aquatica into S. sylvatica, and that the putative subsp. tenuis might be an ecotype of predominantly calcareous soils of southern Florida.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Stillingia sylvatica
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Stillingia angustifolia;S. sylvatica var. salicifolia;S. sylvatica subsp. tenuis;S. tenuis
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jun; fruiting Apr–Sep.
|habitat=Well-drained sandy soils, sandhills, pine flatwoods.
|elevation=0–1400 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Colo.;Fla.;Ga.;Kans.;La.;Miss.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Syst. Nat. ed.
|publication year=1767
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V12/V12_338.xml
|genus=Stillingia
|species=Stillingia sylvatica
|apex shape=obtuse;rounded;rounded;obtuse;acute
|base shape=cuneate;acute
|blade length=1cm;10cm
|blade shape=oblanceolate;obovate;oblanceolate;obovate;lanceolate;elliptic;ovate
|blade width=0.5cm;3cm
|bract length=1.5
|bract shape=ovate
|bract width=2
|calyx some measurement=1
|capsule diameter=6mm;12mm
|capsule shape=3-lobed;globose
|caruncle coloration=white
|caruncle shape=crescent--shaped
|caruncle some measurement=1mm;1.3mm
|columella duration=not persistent
|cymule architecture=4-7-flowered;staminate
|cymule arrangement=crowded
|flower architecture=pistillate;pistillate;staminate;pistillate
|flower arrangement=crowded
|flower quantity=3;4
|gland architecture=sessile
|gland diameter=1.5mm;2mm
|gland shape=patelliform
|inflorescence architecture=short-pedunculate;sessile
|inflorescence some measurement=3cm;9cm
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|margin shape=serrulate;crenulate
|midvein prominence=prominent
|petiole atypical some measurement=0.4cm;0.8cm
|petiole some measurement=0cm;0.4cm
|rhizome texture=woody
|secondary-vein prominence=obscure
|seed coloration=light gray
|seed height or length or size=short
|seed length=4.5
|seed relief=rugose
|seed shape=cylindric
|seed width=3
|sepal arrangement or shape=elliptic
|sepal development=developed
|sepal duration=persistent
|sepal quantity=3
|stem architecture=unbranched
|stem architecture or arrangement=fascicled
|stem architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|stem atypical some measurement=7dm;12dm
|stem orientation=ascending;erect
|stem some measurement=2.5dm;7dm
|stipule presence=absent
|style fusion=connate
|style length=1/3
|style some measurement=0mm;5mm
|tip coloration=blackened
|tip prominence=prominent
|tooth orientation=incurved
|whole_organism duration=perennial;perennial
|whole_organism growth form=subshrub;herb
}}<!--

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