View source for Stipa ← Stipa You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Stipa |accepted_authority=L. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Stipeae;Stipa |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Pooideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Stipeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stipa]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 24 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 154 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual or perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism arrangement or pubescence;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form">tufted or cespitose, not rhizomatous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Culms </b>10-200 cm, herbaceous, not branching at the upper nodes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm growth form or texture;culm architecture;culm position;culm architecture;culm position">basal branching usually intravaginal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="prophyll height or length or size">prophylls shorter than the sheaths.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>mostly basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="cleistogene development">cleistogenes usually not developed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sheath architecture">sheaths open;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="auricle presence">auricles absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="ligule texture">ligules membranous, sometimes stiffly so, upper and lower ligules similar or upper ligules longer than those below;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="blade architecture or shape;blade arrangement or shape">blades prominently ribbed, usually tightly convolute when dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="inflorescence condition or size"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal panicles, usually contracted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="spikelet some measurement;floret quantity"><b>Spikelets </b>12-90 mm, with 1 floret;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="">rachillas not prolonged beyond the base of the floret;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="rachilla length">disarticulation above the glumes, beneath the floret.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="glume length or size;glume coloration;glume texture;glume shape;glume architecture"><b>Glumes </b>much longer than the floret, hyaline to membranous, usually acuminate, 1-3-veined;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="floret some measurement;floret shape">florets 3-27 mm, terete to slightly laterally compressed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="callus atypical some measurement;callus some measurement;callus shape;callus shape;callus pubescence">calluses (1) 1.5-6 mm, sharp or blunt, antrorsely hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="lemma texture;lemma coloration;lemma pubescence;lemma pubescence;lemma pubescence;hair arrangement;margin prominence or shape;margin arrangement;apex architecture or shape;lemma-awn junction prominence">lemmas coriaceous to indurate, tan to brown, smooth, glabrous or hairy, hairs sometimes uniformly distributed, sometimes in lines, margins flat, slightly overlapping at maturity, apices awned, lemma-awn junction evident;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="awn some measurement;awn duration;awn size or quantity;awn size or quantity;basal segment architecture">awns 50-500 mm, persistent, usually once or twice-geniculate, sometimes plumose in whole or in part, basal segment often strongly twisted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="palea size;palea pubescence;palea architecture;palea shape;palea prominence or shape;apex texture">paleas from shorter than to subequal to the lemmas, glabrous, 2-veined, not keeled, flat between the veins, apices sometimes scarious, sometimes similar in texture to the body;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="lodicule pubescence;lodicule pubescence;lodicule quantity;lodicule quantity">lodicules 2 or 3, glabrous or pilose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="anther quantity">anthers 3;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="style quantity;style quantity;style quantity;style fusion;style height or length or size;base quantity;base quantity;base quantity;base quantity">styles 2 (3,4), free at the base, if 3 or 4, then 1 or 2 distinctly shorter.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="caryopse shape;caryopse architecture or shape;x chromosome quantity"><b>Caryopses </b>fusiform, not ribbed, x = 11.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |discussion=<p>As treated here, Stipa is a genus of 150-200 species, all of which are native to Eurasia or northern Africa. Until recently, the genus was interpreted as including almost all species of Stipeae with cylindrical florets. In several parts of the world, this broader interpretation still prevails. Jacobs et al. (2006) found that even the European members of Stipa included in their study appeared to be polyphyletic. The most appropriate circumscription of the genus, and its size, is difficult to determine in the absence of a study that encompasses the Eurasian and North African members of the tribe.</p><!-- --><p>Two species of Stipa grow in the Flora region. Stipa pulcherrima is cultivated as an ornamental; Stipa capensis has been introduced, probably accidentally.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=freitag1985b |text=Freitag, H. 1985. The genus Stipa in southwest and south Asia. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42:355^187 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=jacobs2006b |text=Jacobs, S.W.L., R. Bayer, J. Everett, M.O. Arriaga, M.E. Barkworth, A. Sabin-Badereau, M.A. Torres, E Vazquez, and N. Bagnall. 2006. Systematics of the tribe Stipeae using molecular data. Aliso 23:349-361. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Plants perennial; glumes 60-90 mm long; awns plumose on the distal segment, hairs 5-6 mm long |[[Stipa pulcherrima|Stipa pulcherrima]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Plants annual; glumes 12-20 mm long; awns glabrous on the distal segment |[[Stipa capensis|Stipa capensis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Stipa |author=Mary E. Barkworth; |authority=L. |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |illustrator=Annaliese Miller |illustration copyright=Utah State University |reference=freitag1985b;jacobs2006b |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V24/V24_209.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Stipeae |genus=Stipa |anther quantity=3 |apex architecture or shape=awned |apex texture=scarious |auricle presence=absent |awn duration=persistent |awn size or quantity=2 times-geniculate sometimes plumose in whole or in part;2 times-geniculate sometimes plumose in whole or in part |awn some measurement=50mm;500mm |basal segment architecture=twisted |base quantity=2;1;4;3 |blade architecture or shape=ribbed |blade arrangement or shape=convolute |callus atypical some measurement=1 |callus pubescence=hairy |callus shape=blunt;sharp |callus some measurement=1.5mm;6mm |caryopse architecture or shape=not ribbed |caryopse shape=fusiform |cleistogene development=developed |culm architecture=branching;not branching |culm growth form or texture=herbaceous |culm position=intravaginal;basal |culm some measurement=10cm;200cm |floret quantity=1 |floret shape=terete;slightly laterally compressed |floret some measurement=3mm;27mm |glume architecture=1-3-veined |glume coloration=hyaline |glume length or size=much longer |glume shape=acuminate |glume texture=membranous |hair arrangement=distributed |inflorescence condition or size=contracted |leaf position=basal |lemma coloration=tan;brown |lemma pubescence=hairy;glabrous;smooth |lemma texture=coriaceous;indurate |lemma-awn junction prominence=evident |ligule texture=membranous |lodicule pubescence=list;count |lodicule quantity=3;2 |margin arrangement=overlapping |margin prominence or shape=flat |palea architecture=2-veined |palea prominence or shape=flat |palea pubescence=glabrous |palea shape=not keeled |palea size=subequal |prophyll height or length or size=shorter |rachilla length=not prolonged |sheath architecture=open |spikelet some measurement=12mm;90mm |style fusion=free |style height or length or size=shorter |style quantity=4;3;2 |whole_organism architecture=not rhizomatous |whole_organism arrangement or pubescence=tufted |whole_organism duration=perennial;annual |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=11 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Stipeae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Stipa.