View source for Tagetes

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Tagetes
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 887. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 378. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Marigold
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Pectidinae;Tagetes
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Pectidinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Tagetes]]</div></div>
|etymology=Etymology unknown; possibly from New Latin Tages, an Etruscan god
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 222
|treatment_page=page 235
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration;whole-organism duration;whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80 (–200) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, branched distally or ± throughout.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;ultimate margin shape;ultimate margin shape;face pubescence;face pubescence">blades mostly lanceolate to oblanceolate overall, usually 1–3-pinnately lobed or pinnatisect, ultimate margins toothed or entire, faces glabrous or hairy (oil-glands scattered and/or submarginal).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture;head architecture;head arrangement;head arrangement"><b>Heads </b>radiate or discoid, borne singly or in ± corymbiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="calyculus presence"><b>Calyculi </b>0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>narrowly cylindric or fusiform to turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked and/or dotted with oil-glands).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle relief;receptacle relief;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>convex to conic, smooth or finely pitted, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ray-floret presence;ray-floret atypical quantity;ray-floret quantity;ray-floret architecture;ray-floret reproduction"><b>Ray-</b>florets 0 or 1–8 (–13+) (to 100+ in “double” cultivars), pistillate, fertile (except “double” cultivars);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration">corollas yellow or orange, redbrown (with or without yellow/orange), or white.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets 6–120+, bisexual, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla architecture;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;tube length or size;throat variability;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas greenish yellow to orange, sometimes tipped with red or redbrown, tubes much longer than or about equaling funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate to lance-linear (equal or 2 sinuses deeper than others).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela shape;cypsela shape;cypsela pubescence;cypsela pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>narrowly obpyramidal or fusiform-terete, sometimes weakly flattened, glabrous or hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="scale atypical quantity;scale quantity;scale fusion;scale fusion;series quantity;series quantity">pappi persistent, of 2–5 (–10) dissimilar, distinct or connate scales in ± 1 series: 0–5+ oblong to lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2 (–5) longer, subulate to aristate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="pappus duration;pappus shape;pappus shape;pappus atypical quantity;pappus quantity;pappus length or size;pappus shape;x chromosome quantity">x = 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Tropical and warm-temperate America;especially Mexico;in Old World
|discussion=<p>Species 40+ (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Some Tagetes species (e.g., T. erecta) produce nematicidal thiophenes in their roots and have been shown to be effective controls for nematodes in diverse crops (cf., http://www.ncagr.com/agronomi/nnote1.htm).</p><!--
--><p>Reports of “Tagetes minima L.” for Pennsylvania (cf. http://plants.usda.gov) are evidently rooted in an error for T. minuta. Report of T. pusilla Kunth (= T. filifolia Lagasca) for Maryland (http://plants.usda.gov) was not verified for this treatment.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=neher1966a
|text=Neher, R. T. 1966. Monograph of the Genus Tagetes (Compositae). Ph.D. thesis. Indiana University.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=rydberg1915b
|text=Rydberg, P. A. 1915. Tagetes. In: N. L. Britton et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora.... 47+ vols. New York. Vol. 34, pp. 148–159.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=soule1993a
|text=Soule, J. A. 1993. Systematics of Tagetes (Asteraceae–Tageteae) (Mexico, Argentina). Ph.D. thesis. University of Texas.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf lobes (or simple blades) linear to filiform, 10–25(–35+) × 0.5–1.5 mm
|[[Tagetes micrantha|Tagetes micrantha]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf lobes lance-elliptic or lanceolate to lance-linear, 12–25(–50+) × (2–)4–8(–12+) mm
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs
|[[Tagetes lemmonii|Tagetes lemmonii]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Annuals
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads in ± corymbiform clusters; peduncles 1–5+ mm; involucres 7–10+ × 1.5–3 mm
|[[Tagetes minuta|Tagetes minuta]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads borne ± singly; peduncles 30–100(–150+) mm; involucres 10–22 × (3–)5–12+ mm
|[[Tagetes erecta|Tagetes erecta]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Tagetes
|author=John L. Strother
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Tropical and warm-temperate America;especially Mexico;in Old World
|reference=neher1966a;rydberg1915b;soule1993a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21_574.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Pectidinae
|genus=Tagetes
|blade shape=pinnatisect;lobed;mostly lanceolate;oblanceolate
|calyculus presence=absent
|corolla architecture=tipped
|corolla coloration=redbrown;red;greenish yellow;orange
|cypsela pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|cypsela shape=flattened;fusiform-terete;obpyramidal
|disc-floret quantity=6;120
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|head architecture=discoid;radiate
|head arrangement=in more or less corymbiform arrays;singly
|involucre diameter=1mm;12mm
|involucre shape=fusiform;turbinate or broadly campanulate
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe quantity=5
|lobe shape=deltate;lance-linear
|pappus atypical quantity=2;5
|pappus duration=persistent
|pappus length or size=longer
|pappus quantity=0;2
|pappus shape=subulate;aristate
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary quantity=3;21
|ray-floret architecture=pistillate
|ray-floret atypical quantity=8;13
|ray-floret presence=absent
|ray-floret quantity=1;8
|ray-floret reproduction=fertile
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle relief=pitted;smooth
|receptacle shape=convex;conic
|scale atypical quantity=5;10
|scale fusion=connate;distinct
|scale quantity=2;5
|series quantity=0;5
|stem architecture=branched
|stem orientation=erect
|throat variability=equaling
|tube length or size=much longer
|ultimate margin shape=entire;toothed
|whole-organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=80cm;200cm
|whole_organism growth form=shrub;subshrub
|whole_organism some measurement=10cm;80cm
|x chromosome quantity=12
}}<!--

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