View source for Thlaspi

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Thlaspi
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 645. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 292. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Pennycress
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Thlaspideae;Thlaspi
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Thlaspideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Thlaspi]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek thalo, thals - to compress, alluding to flattened fruits
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 226, 230, 239, 600, 746
|treatment_page=page 745
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>often fetid when crushed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="">not scapose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="whole_organism odor;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form">glabrous or pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, unbranched or branched distally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile [subsessile];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf architecture;margin architecture or shape;margin shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">basal (often withered in fruit), rosulate or not, petiolate [subsessile], margins entire, repand, dentate, or sinuate-dentate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="cauline leaf architecture;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">cauline sessile, blade (base auriculate or sagittate), margins dentate, repand, or entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Racemes </b>(several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="raceme length;raceme arrangement;raceme size"><b>Fruiting </b>pedicels divaricate, (straight or slightly curved), slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal orientation;sepal orientation;sepal shape;sepal shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals erect or ascending, ovate or oblong, (margins membranous);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="petal shape;claw variability;claw variability">petals spatulate [oblong], claw differentiated or not from blade, (apex obtuse or emarginate);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen architecture">stamens slightly tetradynamous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="filament shape">filaments not dilated basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="anther shape">anthers ovate, (apex obtuse);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower position;flower quantity;median gland presence">nectar glands (2 or 4), lateral, often 1 on each side of lateral stamen, median glands absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruits silicle architecture;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape;fruits silicle shape"><b>Fruits </b>silicles, sessile, oblong, obovate, obcordate, or suborbicular, (apex often notched), keeled, strongly angustiseptate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="valve architecture;valve pubescence">valves winged throughout or apically, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="replum shape">replum rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="septum architecture">septum complete, (not veined);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 6–16 per ovary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="style prominence;style prominence">style obsolete or not, (included in apical notch);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape">stigma capitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="seed size;seed architecture;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>plump, not winged, ovoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="seed-coat coating">seed-coat (coarsely reticulate, alveolate or concentrically striate), not mucilaginous when wetted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="">cotyledons accumbent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s26" data-properties="cotyledon arrangement;x chromosome quantity">x = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Eurasia;n Africa;also nearly worldwide
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 6 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Thlaspi was divided by F. K. Meyer (1973) into 12 genera largely based on seed-coat sculpture and anatomy. Molecular data (K. Mummenhoff et al. 1997; M. Koch and Mummenhoff 2001) showed that Thlaspi is polyphyletic and strongly supported some of Meyer’s segregates, including Microthlaspi and Noccaea, both of which are recognized in this flora. As here delimited, Thlaspi consists of six species (Meyer), instead of over 75 recognized by various authors.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=koch2001a
|text=Koch, M. and K. Mummenhoff. 2001. Thlaspi s.str. (Brassicaceae) versus Thlaspi s.l.: Morphological and anatomical characters in the light of ITS nDNA sequence data. Pl. Syst. Evol. 227: 209–225.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=meyer1973a
|text=Meyer, F. K. 1973. Conspectus der “Thlaspi”-Arten Europas, Afrikas und Vorderasiens. Feddes Repert. 84: 449–470.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=meyer1979a
|text=Meyer, F. K. 1979. Kritische Revision der “Thlaspi”-Arten Europas, Afrikas und Vorderasiens: I. Geschichte, Morphologie und Chorologie. Feddes Repert. 90: 129–154.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=meyer2001a
|text=Meyer, F. K. 2001. Kritische Revision der “Thlaspi”-Arten Europas, Afrikas und Vorderasiens. Spezieller Teil. I. Thlaspi L. Häussknechtia 8: 3–42.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=mummenhoff1997a
|text=Mummenhoff, K., A. Franzke, and M. Koch. 1997. Molecular phylogenetics of Thlaspi s.l. (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and sequences of the internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 469–482.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants glabrous throughout; fruits broadly winged throughout, wing 3.5-5 mm wide apically; seeds concentrically striate.
|[[Thlaspi arvense|Thlaspi arvense]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants sparsely to densely pubescent basally along stems; fruits obscurely winged basally, wing to 1 mm wide apically; seeds alveolate.
|[[Thlaspi alliaceum|Thlaspi alliaceum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Thlaspi
|author=Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|distribution=Eurasia;n Africa;also nearly worldwide
|introduced=true
|reference=koch2001a;meyer1973a;meyer1979a;meyer2001a;mummenhoff1997a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V7/V7_1312.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Thlaspideae
|genus=Thlaspi
|anther shape=ovate
|basal leaf architecture=petiolate
|basal leaf arrangement=not;rosulate
|cauline leaf architecture=sessile
|claw variability=not;differentiated
|cotyledon arrangement=accumbent
|filament shape=dilated
|flower position=lateral
|flower quantity=1
|fruits silicle architecture=sessile
|fruits silicle shape=angustiseptate;keeled;suborbicular;obcordate;suborbicular;obcordate;obovate;oblong
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|margin architecture or shape=sinuate-dentate;dentate;sinuate-dentate;dentate;entire
|margin shape=entire;repand;entire;repand;dentate;repand
|median gland presence=absent
|ovule quantity=6;16
|petal shape=spatulate
|raceme arrangement=divaricate
|raceme length=elongated
|raceme size=slender
|replum shape=rounded
|seed architecture=not winged
|seed shape=ovoid
|seed size=plump
|seed-coat coating=mucilaginous
|sepal orientation=ascending;erect
|sepal shape=oblong;ovate
|septum architecture=complete
|stamen architecture=tetradynamous
|stem architecture=branched;unbranched
|stem orientation=erect
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|style prominence=not;obsolete
|valve architecture=winged
|valve pubescence=glabrous
|whole_organism architecture=not scapose
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism odor=fetid
|whole_organism pubescence=pubescent;glabrous
|x chromosome quantity=7
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brassicaceae tribe Thlaspideae]]