View source for Tomentypnum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Tomentypnum
|accepted_authority=Loeske
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.
|place=22: 82. 1911
|year=1911
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Camptothecium sect. Tomentella
|authority=Kindberg
|rank=section
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Homalothecium subg. Tomentypnum
|authority=(Loeske) H. Robinson
|rank=subgenus
}}
|hierarchy=Amblystegiaceae;Tomentypnum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Amblystegiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Tomentypnum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin tomentum, wooly hairs, alluding to felted rhizoids, and genus Hypnum
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 263, 264, 311, 384, 385, 654
|treatment_page=page 310
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism orientation;whole_organism habitat;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form;turf architecture or fragility;turf density"><b>Plants </b>large, erect, in loose to dense turfs or hummocks, golden to yellow-green or golden brown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>pinnate or subpinnate in one plane;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="hyalodermi presence;central strand presence">hyalodermis absent, central strand present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="paraphyllium presence">paraphyllia absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="rhizoid quantity;rhizoid architecture;rhizoid architecture or pubescence or relief;rhizoid relief;tomentum prominence;side architecture or shape">rhizoids many (sometimes reduced or absent), from proximal abaxial costa surface, forming conspicuous tomentum over one entire side of stem, strongly branched, smooth, sometimes warty-papillose at base;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="axillary hair architecture;distal cell quantity;distal cell quantity;distal cell coloration">axillary hairs 2–5 (–6) -celled, distal cells 1 or 2, hyaline.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf-stem orientation;leaf-stem course;leaf-stem arrangement;leaf-stem shape;leaf-stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation;leaf-stem atypical distance;leaf-stem distance"><b>Stem-</b>leaves erect to erect-spreading, straight or falcate-secund, long-lanceolate to ovatelanceolate, strongly plicate, (2–) 2.5–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="base shape">base not decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="margin shape;margin shape;margin orientation;margin shape;margin shape;limbidium presence">margins plane or narrowly and tightly recurved, entire or sinuate, limbidia absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="apex size;apex shape">apex slender or long-acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="">costa single, ending near apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="costa quantity;cell variability">alar cells not or poorly differentiated;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="medial laminal cell arrangement or course or shape">medial laminal cells long-linear to vermicular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties=""><b>Branch </b>leaves similar, smaller.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="branch leaf size;branch leaf reproduction;branch leaf reproduction;branch leaf reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous, often sterile.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule shape;capsule course or shape"><b>Capsule </b>inclined to horizontal, oblong-cylindric, arcuate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="peristome architecture">peristome perfect;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="exostome tooth architecture">exostome teeth bordered;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="endostome cilium atypical quantity;endostome cilium quantity;endostome cilium development;endostome cilium shape">endostome cilia 2–3 (–4), well developed, nodulose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="spore some measurement"><b>Spores </b>12–18 µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Europe;Asia;Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>The major characters for Tomentypnum are the erect habit, thick rhizoidal tomentum on one side of stem, presence of rhizoids on the proximal abaxial surface of the costa, strongly pluriplicate leaves, absence of clearly differentiated alar cells, and the presence of a stem central strand that can vary from sharply defined to barely discernible on the same stem. However, in arctic-alpine environments, plants of both species of Tomentypnum will be found without tomentum or with reduced tomentum; these plants were at times described as varieties of T. nitens but are now considered phenotypes of harsh environments. Contrariwise, plants with tomentum around the whole circumference of the stems are sometimes encountered. As pointed out by R. Gauthier (1987), some variability in the curvature of the leaves is occasionally present on some plants, but atypical leaves are usually localized to a few branches or to a sector of the stem. An invalid orthographical variant ("Tomenthypnum") is widely used in North America; the spelling retained here is the original used by Loeske. The habitat preferences of the two species, although quite distinct, do overlap to some extent as suggested by the existence of a number of intermixed populations, usually from moderately rich fen habitats (D. H. Vitt and C. D. Hamilton 1975; Gauthier).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves falcate-secund, often twisted distally, widest just beyond base; rhizoid initials restricted to stem leaf proximal costa surface; usually in Sphagnum-dominated vegetation.
|[[Tomentypnum falcifolium|Tomentypnum falcifolium]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves straight, not or little twisted distally, widest at base; rhizoids initials on stem leaf proximal abaxial costa surface and on stems just below leaf insertion; rich fens.
|[[Tomentypnum nitens|Tomentypnum nitens]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Tomentypnum
|author=Jean Faubert
|authority=Loeske
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Camptothecium sect. Tomentella;Homalothecium subg. Tomentypnum
|basionyms=
|family=Amblystegiaceae
|distribution=North America;Europe;Asia;Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
|reference=None
|publication title=Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.
|publication year=1911
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_484.xml
|genus=Tomentypnum
|apex shape=long-acuminate
|apex size=slender
|axillary hair architecture=2-5(-6)-celled
|base shape=not decurrent
|branch leaf reproduction=sterile;dioicous;sexual
|branch leaf size=smaller
|capsule course or shape=arcuate
|capsule orientation=inclined;horizontal
|capsule shape=oblong-cylindric
|cell variability=differentiated
|central strand presence=absent
|costa quantity=single
|distal cell coloration=hyaline
|distal cell quantity=2;1
|endostome cilium atypical quantity=3;4
|endostome cilium development=developed
|endostome cilium quantity=2;3
|endostome cilium shape=nodulose
|exostome tooth architecture=bordered
|hyalodermi presence=absent
|leaf-stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=plicate
|leaf-stem arrangement=falcate-secund
|leaf-stem atypical distance=2mm;2.5mm
|leaf-stem course=straight
|leaf-stem distance=2.5mm;4mm
|leaf-stem orientation=erect;erect-spreading
|leaf-stem shape=long-lanceolate;ovatelanceolate
|limbidium presence=absent
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=sinuate;entire;narrowly;plane
|medial laminal cell arrangement or course or shape=long-linear
|paraphyllium presence=absent
|peristome architecture=perfect
|rhizoid architecture=branched
|rhizoid architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|rhizoid quantity=many
|rhizoid relief=warty-papillose
|side architecture or shape=entire
|spore some measurement=12um;18um
|stem architecture=subpinnate;pinnate
|tomentum prominence=conspicuous
|turf architecture or fragility=loose
|turf density=dense
|whole_organism coloration=golden;yellow-green or golden brown
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism habitat=hummocks
|whole_organism orientation=erect
|whole_organism size=large
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Amblystegiaceae]]