View source for Torenia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Torenia
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 619. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Wishbone flower;bluewings
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Linderniaceae;Torenia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Linderniaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Torenia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Olaf Toren, 1718–1753, Swedish clergyman and naturalist with Swedish East India Company
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 6, 353
|treatment_page=page 357
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals </b>[perennials].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>erect, sometimes prostrate, glabrous or hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>cauline, opposite;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="petiole presence">petiole present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade texture;margin architecture or shape">blade not leathery, margins serrate [crenate].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence shape"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, racemelike;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract presence">bracts present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal length;calyx architecture or shape;calyx shape;calyx architecture;lobe shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 5, connate 1/2+ length, calyx bilaterally to radially symmetric, ellipsoid, winged, lobes triangular-ovate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal quantity;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla architecture or shape;corolla architecture;corolla shape;tube atypical some measurement;tube some measurement;abaxial lobe quantity;adaxial lobe quantity;adaxial lobe fusion;adaxial lip orientation">petals 5, corolla usually white, violet, purple, or blue [red, pink, or yellow], bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, campanulate, tube 21–36 (–40) mm, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2, connate, forming erect to spreading adaxial lip;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen architecture;abaxial filament pubescence;appendage presence;adaxial filament pubescence;appendage presence">stamens 4, didynamous, abaxial filaments glabrous, appendage absent [present], adaxial filaments glabrous, appendage absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="staminode presence">staminode 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="capsule dehiscence;capsule dehiscence;capsule dehiscence"><b>Capsules:</b> dehiscence initially poricidal, later loculicidal and septicidal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>250–400, white to gold, cylindric.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;x chromosome atypical quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = [8] 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Asia;Africa;also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Europe;Australia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 50 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>In addition to the two widely cultivated taxa, Torenia fournieri and T. fournieri × T. concolor Lindley, T. thouarsii (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Kuntze is found as a weedy species introduced in Central America and South America.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Torenia
|author=Deborah Q. Lewis
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Linderniaceae
|distribution=Asia;Africa;also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Europe;Australia
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V17/V17_74.xml
|genus=Torenia
|abaxial filament pubescence=glabrous
|abaxial lobe quantity=3
|adaxial filament pubescence=glabrous
|adaxial lip orientation=erect;spreading
|adaxial lobe fusion=connate
|adaxial lobe quantity=2
|appendage presence=absent;absent
|blade texture=not leathery
|bract presence=absent
|calyx architecture=winged
|calyx architecture or shape=symmetric
|calyx shape=ellipsoid
|capsule dehiscence=septicidal;loculicidal;poricidal
|corolla architecture=bilabiate
|corolla architecture or shape=symmetric
|corolla coloration=blue;purple;blue;purple;violet;white
|corolla shape=campanulate
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|inflorescence shape=racemelike
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe shape=triangular-ovate
|margin architecture or shape=serrate
|petal quantity=5
|petiole presence=absent
|seed coloration=white;gold
|seed quantity=250;400
|seed shape=cylindric
|sepal fusion=connate
|sepal quantity=5
|stamen architecture=didynamous
|stamen quantity=4
|staminode presence=absent
|stem growth form or orientation=prostrate
|stem orientation=erect
|stem pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|tube atypical some measurement=36mm;40mm
|tube some measurement=21mm;36mm
|whole-organism duration=annual
|x chromosome atypical quantity=8
|x chromosome quantity=9
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Linderniaceae]]