View source for Trichophorum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Trichophorum
|accepted_authority=Persoon
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syn. Pl.
|place=1: 69. 1805
|year=1805
}}
|common_names=Club-rush;trichophore
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Eriophorella
|authority=Holub
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Trichophorum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Trichophorum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek tricho -, hair, and phorum, carrier or stalk
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 6, 7, 8
|treatment_page=page 28
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous or not.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="culm shape;culm shape"><b>Culms </b>trigonous or terete.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>basal or subbasal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath architecture;distal sheath texture;blade some measurement">sheaths bladeless or distal sheaths with blade to 5 mm, not fibrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="ligule presence">ligules present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade prominence;blade shape;blade arrangement or course or shape;blade length;blade width">blades obsolete or elongate, linear, less than 1 cm × 1 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="spikelet quantity">spikelets 1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="involucral-bract quantity;involucral-bract orientation;involucral-bract shape;apex shape;apex shape">involucral-bracts 1, suberect, scalelike, apex mucronate or awned.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="scale quantity;scale arrangement"><b>Spikelets:</b> scales 3–9, spirally arranged, each subtending flower.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="perianth course;perianth height or length or size;perianth architecture or pubescence or relief;perianth pubescence or relief;bristle quantity;achene quantity">perianth of 0–6 bristles, straight, shorter than to about 20 times as long as achene, smooth or scabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 3;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="style arrangement or course or shape;style shape;base duration">styles linear, 3-fid, base persistent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="achene shape;achene shape"><b>Achenes </b>trigonous or planoconvex.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Circumpolar to circumboreal;North America;Andean and tropical Southeast Asian mountains
|discussion=<p>Species 9 (6 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>The appropriate name and typification for this genus have been debated widely. Arguments for conservation of Trichophorum Persoon in the sense used here, with the conserved type, T. alpinum (Linnaeus) Persoon, were presented (M. Salmenkallio and I. Kukkonen 1989), and the proposal was accepted in the Code. The proposal to segregate T. alpinum from the rest of Trichophorum, in the genus Eriophorella (J. Holub 1984), is based on characters that do not justify generic rank. In fact, K. Tan (1985) found that T. pumilum (Vahl) Schinz & Thellung could not be considered generically distinct from T. alpinum and created a combination for it within Eriophorella. The name Baeothryon Ehrhart ex A. Dietrich, previously considered to be a synonym of Trichophorum, has been shown to apply to a section of Eleocharis R. Brown (M. Salmenkallio and I. Kukkonen 1989; M. S. González-Elizondo and P. M. Peterson 1997).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Culms terete, smooth.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Culms trigonous, angles scabrous.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Achenes sharply trigonous; bracts 3.5–7.7 mm, exceeding spikes, apex with awn usually 1 mm or more.
|[[Trichophorum clementis|Trichophorum clementis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Achenes compressed trigonous to plano-convex; bracts 1.6–4.5 mm, equaling or shorter than spikes, apex mucronate or awn less than 1 mm.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants loosely cespitose, long-rhizomatous, slender; bracts to 2.5 mm, apex mucronate; perianth bristles absent; anthers 0.8–1.5 mm.
|[[Trichophorum pumilum|Trichophorum pumilum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants densely cespitose, not rhizomatous; bracts more than 3 mm, apex awned; perianth bristles 6; anthers 1.5–2.6 mm.
|[[Trichophorum cespitosum|Trichophorum cespitosum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Flowers usually 15 or more per spike; perianth bristles white, flattened, to 20 times longer than achenes, smooth.
|[[Trichophorum alpinum|Trichophorum alpinum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Flowers fewer than 10 per spike; perianth bristles white to brown, terete, equaling or shorter than achenes, scabrous.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Scales with obtuse apex, midribs not reaching apices in distal scales; leaves equaling or shorter than culms, 0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide.
|[[Trichophorum clintonii|Trichophorum clintonii]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Scales (most or all) with mucronate apex, midribs excurrent; leaves equaling or exceeding culms, 0.8–2 mm wide.
|[[Trichophorum planifolium|Trichophorum planifolium]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Trichophorum
|author=William J. Crins
|authority=Persoon
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Eriophorella
|basionyms=
|family=Cyperaceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Circumpolar to circumboreal;North America;Andean and tropical Southeast Asian mountains
|reference=None
|publication title=Syn. Pl.
|publication year=1805
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V23/V23_37.xml
|genus=Trichophorum
|achene quantity=20
|achene shape=planoconvex;trigonous
|apex shape=awned;mucronate
|base duration=persistent
|blade arrangement or course or shape=linear
|blade length=0cm;1cm
|blade prominence=obsolete
|blade shape=elongate
|blade some measurement=0mm;5mm
|blade width=1
|bristle quantity=0;6
|culm shape=terete;trigonous
|distal sheath texture=not fibrous
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|involucral-bract orientation=suberect
|involucral-bract quantity=1
|involucral-bract shape=scale-like
|leaf position=subbasal;basal
|ligule presence=absent
|perianth architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|perianth course=straight
|perianth height or length or size=shorter
|perianth pubescence or relief=scabrous
|scale arrangement=arranged
|scale quantity=3;9
|sheath architecture=bladeless
|spikelet quantity=1
|stamen quantity=3
|style arrangement or course or shape=linear
|style shape=3-fid
|whole_organism architecture=not;rhizomatous
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb;cespitose
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cyperaceae]]