View source for Tsuga ← Tsuga You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Tsuga |accepted_authority=(Endlicher) Carrière |publications={{Treatment/Publication |place=185. 1855- Hemlock, pruche [Japanese tsuga, nampan] }} |common_names=Hemlock;pruche |basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym |name=Pinus sect. Tsuga |authority=Endlicher |rank=section |publication_title=Syn. Conif., |publication_place=83. 1847 }} |synonyms= |hierarchy=Pinaceae;Tsuga |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pinaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Tsuga]]</div></div> |etymology=Japanese tsuga, name for native hemlocks of Japan |volume=Volume 2 |mention_page= |treatment_page= }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Trees </b>evergreen;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="">crown conic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape;crown orientation">leading shoot usually drooping.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark architecture or pubescence;bark architecture"><b>Bark </b>gray to brown, scaly, often deeply furrowed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch orientation;branch arrangement;branch orientation or shape;branch orientation;spray shape"><b>Branches </b>horizontal, often tending to arranged in flattened sprays and arched downward;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="shoot height or length or size;shoot presence">short (spur) shoots absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="stem twig life cycle;stem twig course;stem twig orientation;stem twig relief or texture;distal portion life cycle;distal portion course;distal portion orientation;distal portion relief or texture;projection architecture or shape;projection duration">young twigs and distal portions of stem flexuous and pendent, roughened by peglike projections persisting after leaves fall.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bud shape;bud coating"><b>Buds </b>mostly rounded at apex, not resinous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>borne singly, persisting several years, ± 2-ranked or radiating in all directions, flattened to somewhat angular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf duration;leaf quantity;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf shape;leaf arrangement or shape;leaf shape;base shape;set shape;set presence;projection architecture or shape">abruptly narrowed to a petiolelike base, set on peglike projections, these angled, projected forward, sheath absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape">apex rounded or notched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="resin canal quantity">resin canals 1.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="twig life cycle"><b>Cones </b>borne on year-old twigs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pollen cone architecture or arrangement or growth form;pollen cone shape;pollen cone coloration"><b>Pollen </b>cones solitary, globose, brown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed-cone life cycle;seed-cone life cycle;seed-cone duration;seed-cone orientation;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone shape;seed-cone architecture;seed-cone architecture;year quantity"><b>Seed-</b>cones maturing in 1 year, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter or persisting for several years, pendent, ovoid, oblong, or oblong-cylindric, sessile or nearly so;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="scale duration;scale shape;scale width;scale texture;apophysis quantity;umbo quantity">scales persistent, shape various, thin, leathery, lacking apophysis and umbo;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="bract size;bract position">bracts small, included.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed architecture"><b>Seeds </b>winged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="">cotyledons 4–6.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="cotyledon quantity;x chromosome quantity">x =12.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Northern Hemisphere |discussion=<p>Species of Tsuga are found naturally in areas of relatively moist climates where water stresses are minimal. Most are conspicuous, if not dominant, members of the communities in which they occur.</p><!-- --><p>Hemlock wood is moderately strong and pliable and lacks resin ducts. With the decline of associated species considered superior in commercial value, hemlocks have become important in the timber industry, especially for pulp. Hemlocks are also widely used for horticultural purposes; numerous cultivars have been developed.</p><!-- --><p>Species ca. 10 (4 in the flora).</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaves mostly spreading in all directions from twigs, bearing stomates on both surfaces or on abaxial surface only; seed cones ovoid, oblong, or oblong-cylindric, 2.5-6 cm; scales oblong, 8-18 mm. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaves mostly appearing 2-ranked, bearing stomates on abaxial surface only; seed cones ovoid, (1-)1.5-2.5(-3) cm; scales ovate to cuneate, 8-15 mm. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaves bearing stomates on both surfaces, thicker along midline; seed cones 3-6 cm, half as wide; montane tree of w North America. |[[Tsuga mertensiana|Tsuga mertensiana]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaves bearing stomates on abaxial surface only, flat, not notably thicker along midline, but slightly revolute; seed cones 2.5-4 cm, more than half as wide; montane tree of se United States. |[[Tsuga caroliniana|Tsuga caroliniana]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Buds 2.5-3.5 mm; crown narrowly conic; tree of w North America. |[[Tsuga heterophylla|Tsuga heterophylla]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Buds 1.5-2.5 mm; crown broadly conic; tree of e North America. |[[Tsuga canadensis|Tsuga canadensis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Tsuga |author=Ronald J. Taylor |authority=(Endlicher) Carrière |rank=genus |parent rank=family |synonyms= |basionyms=Pinus sect. Tsuga |family=Pinaceae |distribution=Northern Hemisphere |reference=None |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_647.xml |genus=Tsuga |apex shape=notched;rounded |apophysis quantity=lacking |bark architecture=furrowed |bark architecture or pubescence=scaly |bark coloration=gray;brown |base shape=petiole-like |bract position=included |bract size=small |branch arrangement=arranged |branch orientation=downward;horizontal |branch orientation or shape=arched |bud coating=not resinous |bud shape=rounded |cotyledon quantity=4;6 |crown orientation=drooping |crown shape=conic |distal portion course=flexuous |distal portion life cycle=young |distal portion orientation=pendent |distal portion relief or texture=roughened |leaf arrangement=radiating;2-ranked;singly |leaf arrangement or shape=angular |leaf duration=persisting |leaf quantity=several |leaf shape=narrowed;flattened to somewhat |pollen cone architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |pollen cone coloration=brown |pollen cone shape=globose |projection architecture or shape=peglike;peglike |projection duration=persisting |resin canal quantity=1 |scale duration=persistent |scale shape=various |scale texture=leathery |scale width=thin |seed architecture=winged |seed-cone architecture=nearly;sessile |seed-cone duration=persisting |seed-cone life cycle=falling;maturing |seed-cone orientation=pendent |seed-cone shape=oblong-cylindric;oblong;oblong-cylindric;oblong;ovoid |set presence=absent |set shape=angled |shoot height or length or size=short |shoot presence=absent |spray shape=flattened |stem twig course=flexuous |stem twig life cycle=young |stem twig orientation=pendent |stem twig relief or texture=roughened |twig life cycle=year-old |umbo quantity=lacking |whole_organism duration=evergreen |whole_organism growth form=tree |x chromosome quantity=12 |year quantity=1 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pinaceae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Pinaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/ID/Basionym (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Tsuga.