View source for Vaccaria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Vaccaria
|accepted_authority=Wolf
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl.,
|place=3. 1776
|year=1776
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae;Vaccaria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Vaccaria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin vacca, cow, and -aria, pertaining to, alluding to alleged value for fodder
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 4, 6, 152
|treatment_page=page 156
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot fragility or size"><b>Taproots </b>stout.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem architecture;stem architecture;stem shape"><b>Stems </b>simple proximally, branched distally, terete.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture or fixation;leaf fusion;leaf architecture;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>opposite, somewhat clasping or connate proximally into sheath, petiolate (basal) or sessile (cauline);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;apex shape">blade 1-veined, lanceolate to oblong or ovatelanceolate, apex acute to obtuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture or arrangement;inflorescence orientation;inflorescence architecture;cyme shape"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, lax to erect, open, often flat-topped cymes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract arrangement;bract architecture">bracts paired, foliaceous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucel bracteole presence">involucel bracteoles absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel orientation"><b>Pedicels </b>erect.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sepal fusion;sepal some measurement;tube coloration;tube architecture;tube shape;tube shape;tube architecture;between sepals commissure presence"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals connate proximally into tube, 9–17 cm, tube whitish green, 5-veined, cylindric to ovoid, 5-angled or winged, especially in fruit, commissures between sepals absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="lobe coloration;lobe architecture;lobe shape;lobe height or length or size;margin coloration;margin coloration;margin texture;apex shape;apex shape">lobes green, 1-veined, obovate to broadly triangular, shorter than tube, margins green or reddish, scarious, apex acute or acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="petal quantity;petal coloration;petal shape;auricle presence;coronal appendage presence;blade apex architecture or shape;blade apex shape">petals 5, pink to purplish, clawed, auricles absent, coronal appendages absent, blade apex entire or sometimes briefly 2-fid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="">nectaries at filament bases;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen fusion">stamens 10, adnate to petals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="filament fusion">filaments distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form">ovary 1-locular or sometimes 2-locular proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="style atypical quantity;style quantity;style shape;style some measurement;style pubescence">styles 2 (–3), filiform, 10–12 mm, glabrous proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="stigma atypical quantity;stigma quantity;stigma arrangement or course or shape;stigma relief;stigma quantity">stigmas 2 (–3), linear along adaxial surface of styles, papillate (30×).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="capsule shape;tooth atypical quantity;tooth quantity;tooth orientation"><b>Capsules </b>oblong to subglobose, exocarp opening by 4 (–6) slightly spreading teeth, endocarp opening irregularly;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="carpophore presence">carpophore present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed relief;marginal wing presence;appendage presence"><b>Seeds </b>ca. 10, black, subglobose, laterally compressed, papillose, marginal wing absent, appendage absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="">embryo peripheral, curved.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="embryo position;embryo course;x chromosome quantity">x = 15.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Eurasia;in South America;Africa (Republic of South Africa);Australia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 1 or 4 (1 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Vaccaria
|author=John W. Thieret;Richard K. Rabeler
|authority=Wolf
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Eurasia;in South America;Africa (Republic of South Africa);Australia
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Gen. Pl.,
|publication year=1776
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_317.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae
|genus=Vaccaria
|apex shape=acuminate;acute;acute;obtuse
|appendage presence=absent
|auricle presence=absent
|between sepals commissure presence=absent
|blade apex architecture or shape=entire
|blade apex shape=2-fid
|blade architecture=1-veined
|blade shape=lanceolate;oblong or ovatelanceolate
|bract architecture=foliaceous
|bract arrangement=paired
|capsule shape=oblong;subglobose
|carpophore presence=absent
|coronal appendage presence=absent
|cyme shape=flat-topped
|embryo course=curved
|embryo position=peripheral
|filament fusion=distinct
|inflorescence architecture=open
|inflorescence architecture or arrangement=lax
|inflorescence orientation=erect
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|involucel bracteole presence=absent
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf architecture or fixation=clasping
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|leaf fusion=connate
|lobe architecture=1-veined
|lobe coloration=green
|lobe height or length or size=shorter
|lobe shape=obovate;broadly triangular
|margin coloration=reddish;green
|margin texture=scarious
|marginal wing presence=absent
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=2-locular;sometimes;1-locular
|pedicel orientation=erect
|petal coloration=pink;purplish
|petal quantity=5
|petal shape=clawed
|seed coloration=black
|seed quantity=10
|seed relief=papillose
|seed shape=compressed;subglobose
|sepal fusion=connate
|sepal some measurement=9cm;17cm
|stamen fusion=adnate
|stamen quantity=10
|staminode presence=absent
|stem architecture=branched;simple
|stem shape=terete
|stigma arrangement or course or shape=linear
|stigma atypical quantity=2;3
|stigma quantity=[30;2
|stigma relief=papillate
|style atypical quantity=2;3
|style pubescence=glabrous
|style quantity=2
|style shape=filiform
|style some measurement=10mm;12mm
|taproot fragility or size=stout
|tooth atypical quantity=4;6
|tooth orientation=spreading
|tooth quantity=4
|tube architecture=winged;5-veined
|tube coloration=whitish green
|tube shape=5-angled;cylindric;ovoid
|whole_organism duration=annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=15
}}<!--

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