View source for Zea mays ← Zea mays You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Zea mays |accepted_authority=L. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae;Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae;Zea;Zea mays |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Zea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Zea mays]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 25 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 701 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>annual.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="culm height;culm height;culm thickness;culm thickness"><b>Culms </b>(0.5) 1-3 (6) m tall, (0.5) 1-5 cm thick.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="blade length;blade width"><b>Blades </b>mostly 30-90 cm long, 2.5-12 cm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture or arrangement or growth form;inflorescence length;inflorescence length;inflorescence thickness;inflorescence thickness;spike architecture;spike architecture;spike architecture or arrangement or growth form;spike length;spike length;spike thickness;spike thickness;spikelet arrangement;spikelet quantity;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture"><b>Pistillate </b>inflorescences rames or spikes, usually shortly pedunculate (sometimes sessile), solitary, 4-30 (40) cm long, (0.5) 1-10 cm thick, with 2 or more rows of paired spikelets, hence the spikelets 4 or more ranked, rarely terminating in an unbranched staminate inflorescence.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties=""><b>Caryopses </b>concealed in fruitcases (wild taxa) or exposed (domesticated taxon);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="taxon habitat">fruitcases of wild taxa distichous, triangular in side view;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="taxon; taxon caryopsis prominence;taxon; taxon caryopsis prominence;taxon; taxon caryopsis arrangement;taxon; taxon caryopsis shape;glume size;glume depth;glume depth">domesticated taxon without fruitcases, glumes reduced and shallow or collapsed and embedded in the rachis.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="panicle architecture;panicle some measurement;branch atypical quantity;branch quantity;internode some measurement"><b>Staminate </b>panicles 10-25+ cm, with 1-60 (235) branches, internodes 1.5-8.2 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="spikelet length;spikelet width">spikelets 9-14 mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="lower glume shape;lower glume fragility;lower glume coloration or reflectance;lower glume texture;lower glume quantity">lower glumes rounded dorsally, flexible, translucent, papery, loosely enclosing the upper glumes, the 2 lateral-veins subequal to the others, not winged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="lateral-vein size;lateral-vein architecture;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 20.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Ga.;Va.;Conn.;R.I.;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.;Ala.;Ark.;Colo.;Iowa;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Mass.;Md.;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Miss.;Mont.;N.C.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;Puerto Rico;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Virgin Islands;Vt.;Wis.;W.Va.;Wyo.;Ont.;Que.;Fla.;Nebr.;Ariz.;Nev. |discussion=<p>Of the five subspecies of Zea mays, only the domesticated subspecies, Z. mays subsp. mays, is widely grown outside of research programs. Three wild subspecies are treated here, albeit briefly, because of their importance as genetic resources for Z. mays subsp. mays.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Pistillate inflorescences cylindrical spikes, 2-5(10) cm thick, with 8-24+ rows of spikelets pairs, each inflorescence tightly and permanently enclosed by several leaf sheaths and a large prophyll, not disarticulating at maturity; caryopses 60-1000+, not concealed by the glumes; staminate panicle branches not disarticulating below the sessile spikelets, lacking abscission layers; central axis of the staminate panicles polystichous, much thicker than the lateral branches; obligate domesticate |[[Zea mays subsp. mays|Zea mays subsp. mays]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Pistillate inflorescences cylindrical, distichous rames, less than 1 cm thick, with 2 rows of spikelet pairs, each rame usually enclosed by a single leaf sheath and a prophyll, disarticulating at maturity into fruitcases; caryopses 4-15, each one concealed within a fruitcase; staminate panicles composed of rames that disarticulate below the sessile spikelets and have evident abscission layers; central axis of the staminate panicles similar in width to the rames; in the Flora region, wild taxa are known only from research plantings. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Staminate spikelets (6.6)7.5-10.5 mm long; fruitcases 6-10 mm long, 4-6 mm wide; staminate panicles with 1-35+ ascending to divergent, rather stiff branches |[[Zea mays subsp. mexicana|Zea mays subsp. mexicana]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Staminate spikelets 4.6-7.2(7.9) mm long; fruitcases 5-8 mm long, 3-5 mm wide; staminate panicles usually with 10-100(235) divergent to nodding branches. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Leaves pubescent; staminate panicles with (2)10-100(235) branches |[[Zea mays subsp. parviglumis|Zea mays subsp. parviglumis]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Leaves glabrous or almost so; staminate panicles usually with fewer than 40 branches |[[Zea mays subsp. huehuetenangensis|Zea mays subsp. huehuetenangensis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Zea mays |authority=L. |rank=species |parent rank=genus |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=Ga.;Va.;Conn.;R.I.;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.;Ala.;Ark.;Colo.;Iowa;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Mass.;Md.;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Miss.;Mont.;N.C.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Ohio;Pa.;Puerto Rico;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Virgin Islands;Vt.;Wis.;W.Va.;Wyo.;Ont.;Que.;Fla.;Nebr.;Ariz.;Nev. |reference=None |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25_1664.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Panicoideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae |genus=Zea |species=Zea mays |2n chromosome quantity=20 |blade length=30cm;90cm |blade width=2.5cm;12cm |branch atypical quantity=235 |branch quantity=1;60 |culm height=1m;3m |culm thickness=1cm;5cm |glume depth=collapsed and embedded in the rachis;shallow |glume size=reduced |inflorescence architecture=staminate;unbranched;pedunculate;pistillate |inflorescence architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |inflorescence length=4cm;30cm |inflorescence thickness=1cm;10cm |internode some measurement=1.5mm;8.2mm |lateral-vein architecture=not winged |lateral-vein size=subequal |lower glume coloration or reflectance=translucent |lower glume fragility=pliable |lower glume quantity=2 |lower glume shape=rounded |lower glume texture=papery |panicle architecture=staminate |panicle some measurement=10cm;25cm |spike architecture=pedunculate;pistillate |spike architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |spike length=4cm;30cm |spike thickness=1cm;10cm |spikelet arrangement=paired |spikelet length=9mm;14mm |spikelet quantity=4 |spikelet width=2.5mm;5mm |taxon habitat=wild |taxon; taxon caryopsis arrangement=distichous |taxon; taxon caryopsis prominence=exposed;concealed |taxon; taxon caryopsis shape=triangular |whole_organism duration=annual |whole_organism growth form=plant }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Zea]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Return to Zea mays.