Difference between revisions of "Penstemon cardinalis"

Wooton & Standley

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 171. 1913.

Common names: Cardinal or scarlet beardtongue
IllustratedEndemicConservation concern
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 147. Mentioned on page 145, 148.
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(No difference)

Latest revision as of 19:10, 29 July 2020

Stems ascending to erect, 32–100 cm, glabrous, slightly glaucous. Leaves glabrous, not glaucous; basal and proximal cauline 40–80 (–150) × 14–40 (–60) mm, blade spatulate to obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse; cauline 3–7 pairs, sessile, (11–) 20–135 × 9–50 mm, blade spatulate to elliptic, ovate, or subcordate, base truncate to broadly cordate-clasping, apex rounded to acute or mucronate. Thyrses secund, (3–) 6–44 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters 3–15, cymes 2–4 (–8) -flowered; proximal bracts suborbiculate, ovate, or lanceolate, (4–) 16–60 × (2–) 5–45 mm; peduncles and pedicels erect, glabrous. Flowers: calyx lobes ovate, 1.6–6 × 1.4–3 mm, margins entire or erose, glabrous; corolla red to crimson, with reddish violet nectar guides, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate, tubular, 22–30 mm, densely yellow-villous internally abaxially, tube 6–8 mm, throat 6–8 mm diam., constricted at orifice, rounded abaxially, abaxial lobes spreading to reflexed, adaxial lobes projecting to erect; stamens included, pollen-sacs divergent, 1.5–1.9 mm, sides glabrous, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm; staminode 15–17 mm, included or slightly exserted, tip straight to recurved, distal 1–3 mm sparsely lanate, hairs yellow, to 1.5 mm; style 18–28 mm, usually exserted. Capsules 10–15 × 5–9 mm.

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Penstemon cardinalis occurs as two weakly differentiated varieties in isolated ranges of the Southern Rocky Mountains.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Calyx lobes 1.6–3.5(–4) × 1.4–2 mm; cauline leaf blades elliptic to spatulate or ovate, not leathery; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate. Penstemon cardinalis var. cardinalis
1 Calyx lobes 4–6 × 2.3–3 mm; cauline leaf blades ovate to subcordate, sometimes elliptic, leathery; proximal bracts suborbiculate to ovate. Penstemon cardinalis var. regalis

"/4+timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Penstemon cardinalis"
spreading +  and reflexed +
projecting +  and erect +
rounded +  and acute or mucronate +
Craig C. Freeman +
Wooton & Standley +
alternate +, opposite +, whorled +, helical +  and subopposite +
truncate;broadly cordate-clasping +
tapered +
Elmigera +
spatulate;elliptic ovate or subcordate +
not +  and leathery +
short-tubular +  and short-campanulate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (13.5 cm135 mm <br />0.135 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
short-petiolate +  and sessile +
Cardinal or scarlet beardtongue +
red +  and crimson +
yellow-villous +
ventricose-ampliate +  and ampliate +
2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
2-4(-8)-flowered +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
scale-like +  and not needlelike +
N.Mex. +  and Tex. +
drupe-like +
curved +  and straight +
1 +  and 4 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
membranous +
terminal +  and axillary +
persistent +  and deciduous +
not glaucous +  and glabrous +
not +  and leathery +
orbiculate;linear;orbiculate;linear;truncate;oblanceolate;obovate;oblong;elliptic;round;lanceolate;ovate +
erose +  and entire +
toothed +  and entire +
axile +  and parietal +
basal +, apical +  and superior +
tenuinucellate +, unitegmic +  and hemitropous +
campylotropous +, hemianatropous +  and anatropous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
5 +  and 4 +
navicular-sigmoid +
indehiscent +  and dehiscing +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br />) +
1/4 +  and 1/2 +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
lanceolate +, ovate +  and suborbiculate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. +
minute +
brown +  and dark-brown +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br />) +
Illustrated +, Endemic +  and Conservation concern +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
exserted +  and included +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (?) +
subalternate +, alternate +, whorled +  and opposite +
climbing +  and scrambling +
sprawling +, creeping +  and prostrate +
ascending;erect +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
32 cm320 mm <br />0.32 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.8 cm28 mm <br />0.028 m <br />) +
papillate +
denticulate +
Penstemon cardinalis +
Penstemon sect. Elmigera +
species +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
constricted +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
cylindric +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (44 cm440 mm <br />0.44 m <br />) +
straight +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
gibbous +  and not spurred +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
cauline +  and proximal +