Difference between revisions of "Trillium foetidissimum"

J. D. Freeman

Brittonia 27: 31, fig. 7. 1975.

Common names: Stinking trillium fetid trillium
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 110. Mentioned on page 95, 96.
imported>Volume Importer
 
(No difference)

Latest revision as of 04:30, 30 July 2020

Rhizomes horizontal, brownish, thick, short, praemorse, not brittle. Scapes 1–2, green to maroon, round in cross-section, 0.8–2.8 dm, papillose basally. Bracts often carried quite horizontally, well above ground, sessile; blade light green or bronze-green, strongly mottled in dark green with central light green stripe, mottling becoming obscure with age but less so than in most species, elliptic-ovate, rarely ± orbicular, 6.7–12 × 3.8–6 cm, not glossy, base evenly tapered to broad attachment, apex obtuse-acute. Flower borne directly on bracts, odor of putrid meat, especially when in strong sunlight; sepals displayed above bracts, carried almost horizontally, green or green streaked with dark maroon, lanceolate, 16–40 × 4–6 mm, thick-textured, margins entire, apex acute; petals long-lasting, erect, very gradually incurved from base to apex, ± connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary, pinkish purple, light to reddish purple, brownish purple, rarely yellow, fading to brownish tones with age, not spirally twisted, not inrolling with age, veins not engraved, narrowly elliptic to linearlanceolate, 2–5 × 0.3–0.5 cm, thick-textured, not glossy, margins entire, flat, acute at apex; stamens relatively prominent, erect, 9–25 mm; filaments dark maroon, 3–6 mm, dilated basally; anthers straight, dark maroon-black, 8–15 mm, dehiscence introrse; connectives straight, extended 1–1.5 mm beyond anther sacs; ovary red-purple, ovoid, hexagonal in cross-section, 5–12 mm, broadly attached; stigmas erect, divergent-recurved, distinct, dark purple, subulate, nearly as long as ovary, fleshy. Fruits purplish brown, ovoid, 6-angled at least apically, fleshy.


Phenology: Flowering late winter–early spring (early Mar [rarely Feb]--early Apr).
Habitat: River bluffs, ravines, floodplains, low ground, rich woods, road shoulders, silts, sandy-alluvium, loess soils, drier upland oak and pine woods
Elevation: 40–50 m

Discussion

Trillium foetidissimum seems tolerant of a wide range of soil moistures and types, from low, swampy woods to high, dry bluffs and ravine slopes. This is the only Trillium known to occur within its Louisiana range (J. D. Freeman 1975). Freeman considered it to be closely related to T. sessile.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"compressed-shortened" is not a number. "elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."thicker" is not a number.

... more about "Trillium foetidissimum"
dark maroon-black +
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
more or less equaling or longer +
cordate +  and linear +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
green streaked with dark maroon +  and green +
16mm;40mm +
lanceolate +  and obtuse-acute +
thick-textured +
4mm;6mm +
Frederick W. Case Jr. +
J. D. Freeman +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
tapered +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
mottling +, dark green +, mottled +, bronze-green +  and light green +
6.7 cm67 mm <br />0.067 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
orbicular +  and elliptic-ovate +
3.8 cm38 mm <br />0.038 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
not mottled +, , +, mottled in darker green or bronze +  and green +
mottled +  and green +
1;several +
obovate;elliptical +
tunicate +  and scaly +
thin-walled +
Stinking trillium +  and fetid trillium +
La. +  and Miss. +
yellowish +  and white +
40–50 m +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
baccate +  and capsular +
purplish brown +
6-angled +  and ovoid +
River bluffs, ravines, floodplains, low ground, rich woods, road shoulders, silts, sandy-alluvium, loess soils, drier upland oak and pine woods +
paired +, paniculate +  and racemose +
persistent +
green streaked with dark maroon +  and green +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
lanceolate +
thick-textured +
0.3cm;0.5cm +
putrid +
fading to brownish tones +, yellow +, brownish purple +, light to reddish purple +  and pinkish purple +
concealing +
hexagonal;ovoid +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
many;several +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
bicolored +, white +, green +, yellow +, maroon +  and dark purple +
long-lasting +
distinct +
incurved +  and erect +
clawed;obovate;linear +
Flowering late winter–early spring (early Mar [rarely Feb]--early Apr). +
parietal +  and axile +
6-lobed +  and 3-lobed +
branched +, unbranched +  and monopodial +
not brittle +
subterranean +
praemorse +
green +  and maroon +
straight +
erect +  and arising +
papillose +
wind-distributed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
alternating +
maroon +  and green +
persistent +
distinct +
divergent +  and alternating +
fading to brownish tones;yellow;brownish purple;light to reddish purple;pinkish purple +
adnate +  and free +
concealing +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
with very short style +, sessile +  and twisted +
dark purple +
persistent +
divergent-recurved +  and erect +
subulate +
3 +  and 1 +
Trillium foetidissimum +
Trillium subg. Phyllantherum +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
not engraved +
rhizomatous +  and scapose +
3 +  and 2 +