epaleate, glabrous. Florets: peripheral 1–25 pistillate and fertile; central 3–32 functionally staminate (not setting fruits); corollas subglobose. North
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± entire length of ovary, free from ovary to 1.5 mm, green, greenish white, or greenish yellow; sepals 5, white, greenish white, greenish, yellowish green
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mature fruits, 5, connate into 5-ribbed or 10-ribbed tube, mostly dry and membranous, sometimes petaloid, toothed or with distinct simple or lobed limbs; petals
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Woody vines (erect, herbaceous perennials in C. recta). Leaf-blade 1-2-pinnate; leaflets lobed or unlobed, margins entire
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or 5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens; stamens usually (3–) 5
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oblong to oblong deltate (deltate in B. lanceolatum), lobed to 1–2 (–3) -pinnate, mostly less than 2.5 cm wide when mature, herbaceous to leathery. Leaf primordia
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per 5 cm, open, ± pyramidal, usually at least 3 times longer than wide, spurs rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel spreading, usually more than 1.5 cm,
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before or at leaf emergence, 4–40 mm diam.; hypanthium 1.5–8 mm, exterior glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect to reflexed, usually triangular, semicircular
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kernel Synonyms: Hicoria Rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees, rarely shrubs, 3-52 m. Bark gray or brownish, smooth with fissures in younger trees
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unbranched. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, cauline (1–) 3–25 cm; blade margins pinnately lobed to sinuate-dentate, serrate to dentate or subentire. Inflorescences
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bitegmic, tenuinucellate; styles 1, simple [3-parted]; stigmas 1, terminal, truncate or minutely 2–4 [–5] -lobed. Fruits capsular, dehiscence loculicidal
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versatile, dehiscence introrse; ovary 3-locular, septal nectaries present, ovules 6–36; style filiform; stigma 3-lobed; pedicel spreading to incurving-erect
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to conic, shallowly 5-lobed, apex rounded; style distally expanded into broad umbrellalike disc with midribs (arms) extending into 5 evenly spaced, reflexed
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ovate, margins lobed or dentate; petiole present; blade (of simple leaves) reniform to orbiculate, sometimes reniform-orbiculate, 1–15 × 1.5–15 cm, usually
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FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 366. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 257, 364, 365, 375. Perennials, 5–100 cm (rhizomes relatively long and thin; caudices woody
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(bases cuneate to ± attenuate), margins subentire to dentate or pinnately lobed (apices rounded or obtuse to acute or acuminate, faces glabrous or glabrate
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absent. Flowers bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, calyx ± bilaterally symmetric to nearly radially symmetric, 5-lobed, lobes linear to linear-lanceolate
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 396. Mentioned on page 5, 255, 364, 365, 366. Annuals or perennials, 5–150 cm. Stems erect, simple or branched (aerial shoots
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blade ovate to round, rhombic, or reniform, unlobed or palmately 3-lobed, 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, base cordate to truncate or cuneate, margins usually toothed
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571, 578, 579, 585, 593, 604, 607, 609, 610, 618, 633. Shrubs or trees, (5–) 30–110 (–150) dm. Stems: trunks 1–several, ± erect to oblique, bark usually
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