(–35) cm, each flower subtended by glandular bract. Pedicels 5–10 (–20) mm; bracteoles 2. Flowers sweet-scented, 2–3 cm; sepals 10–20 × 3–4 mm, proximal
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FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual, glabrous, strigillose, glandular puberulent, or, sometimes, villous. Stems branched mostly from base, 3–70 cm. Leaves primarily
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distinctly clawed; sepals not ridged abaxially, 3.5–10.4 × 0.9–2.2 cm; petals 3.4–10.2 × 0.9–2.5 cm; stamens moderately to strongly exserted; filaments
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sometimes spikelike, ovoid to cylindrical, dense, sometimes interrupted, with 10-200 spikelets borne singly or in clusters, spikelets homogamous in species
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apex acute to obtuse. Scape persistent, usually solitary, erect, terete, 10–60 cm × 1–5 mm. Umbel persistent, erect, loose, 0–60-flowered, hemispheric to
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Leaves: blades oblong, 10–30 × 1–5 cm, margins usually strongly undulate, unlobed and spiny-dentate or shallowly to deeply pinnatifid with 10–20 pairs of lobes
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racemes, 3-30 cm long, 2-12 cm wide, with 2 or more spikelets per node; nodes glabrous or with straight, about 0.5 mm hairs; primary branches 3-6 cm, appressed
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not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles and stamens
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on page 26, 27, 386, 388, 444, 453, 454, 455. Annuals, 1–10 (–20) cm. Stems 1, ± erect, or 2–10+, ascending to ± prostrate. Leaves cauline; mostly alternate;
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 456. Perennials, (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm (fibrous-rooted, usually with caudices, sometimes rhizomatous). Stems
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page 310. Mentioned on page 219, 309, 349, 360. Annuals or perennials, 2–70 (–200) cm; taprooted (rhizomatous or taproots becoming caudices in M. saxatilis)
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1×-lobed; ultimate lobes 3-5 mm wide. Flowers: sepals (8-) 10-20, white to bluish, oblanceolate, 10-16 × 2-3 mm, sparsely hairy to nearly glabrous; stamens 50-60
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5–30(–80+) cm (often cespitose and/or mounded) > 2 1 Plants (10–)50–180 cm (not cespitose) > 5 2 Perennials; leaves 2–3-palmately or -pinnately lobed > 3 2 Perennials
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very short. Leaves: blade ± ovate, 1.2–6 cm, ± thin, lobes (0 or) 1–4 per side, sinuses shallow or deep, veins 2–8 per side, to lobes and sinuses, sometimes
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filaments white, glabrous, anthers longer than wide; carpels 10–200 (–220). Achenes 0.8–2 mm, usually smooth or slightly rugose, sometimes merely roughened
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larger, 2–5 (–7.5) cm, thin to chartaceous, base ± cuneate, sometimes rounded to broadly ovate (at early anthesis not strikingly flabellate), lobes 2–4 (–6)
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stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or
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glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 2–10 spikes; bracts sheathless, with inconspicuous blades, at least (1.5–) 2 times as long as wide; lateral spikes
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Spikelets pedicellate or sessile, 2.5-10 mm, laterally compressed, stramineous to brown at maturity, with 3 florets, lowest 2 florets staminate or reduced to
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Flowers (10–) 12–15 (–20) mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals 3–4 (–5) mm, margins subentire, finely glandular distally; stamens 10 (–20),
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