Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 476. Mentioned on page 5, 12, 13, 110, 163, 265, 286, 377, 381, 468, 482, 491, 548, 562, 56. Plants usually
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or 3-5 locular, placentation free-central, basal, or axile in proximal half; ovules mostly campylotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6),
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Guy L. Nesom Common names: Buckthorn Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 43. Shrubs, trees, or woody vines, [herbs, annual or perennial]
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cylindric to obconic or campanulate, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (10–) 14–45 (–60) in 3–7 (–9) series, usually (4–) 5–6 (–16) -striate or nerved, linear
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(smooth), mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15. North America, n Mexico, s South America (Argentina), s South
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symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 5 (-9), white, occasionally tinged pinkish, plane, ovate to obovate, 3.5-15 mm; petals absent; stamens 9-75; filaments
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clawed, 2-12 mm, nectary absent; stamens 25-40; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils 3 (-5), simple; ovules
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 384. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 12, 385, 461, 471. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (often ± woolly
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to base (split to base in Tolmiea); sepals usually (4–) 5 (–6), distinct; petals usually (4–) 5 (–6) or absent, distinct, lobed or unlobed; nectary disc
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Torrey & A. Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1: 534. 1840 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 498. Mentioned on page 497, 518, 524, 525, 543. Herbs,
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 82. Mentioned on page 12, 13, 15, 57, 61, 75, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 92, 94, 96, 97, 98, 108, 110, 117
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tion" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.".5mm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.".8" is
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Inflorescences spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate edges
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usually prismatic, sometimes cylindric, ellipsoid, obconic, or turbinate, 5–12-ribbed, faces glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy, sometimes gland-dotted;
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hypogynous; sepals 5, connate (1/4–) 1/2+ their lengths into cup or tube, (1–) 5–40 (–62) mm, apex not hooded or awned; petals absent or 5, often showy, white
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Cardueae–Compositae) based on ITS and ETS rDNA sequence data. Molec. Ecol. 12: 141–151. Moore, R. J. and C. Frankton. 1969. Cytotaxonomy of some Cirsium
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usually glabrous, rarely hispidulous, with 1 to many spikelets. Spikelets 2-12 mm, subterete to strongly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets
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hirtellous-pilose (glabrous in L. oligocephala), usually glanddotted; pappi persistent, of 12–40 coarsely barbellate to plumose bristles in 1–2 series. x = 10. North America
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lavender, suborbicular to obovate, 3.5–6.5 × 1.5–3.5mm, narrowed to claw, 1.5–3 mm, apex rounded; anthers oblong, 0.5–0.7 mm. Fruits usually suberect, rarely
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than sepals; filaments 12–20 mm, anthers 7–12 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 43–58 mm, stigma usually slightly exserted beyond anthers or surrounded by
10 KB (1,131 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022