363 (8 genera, 69 species, including 1 hybrid, in the flora). Circumscription of Helianthinae adopted here (i.e., that of H. Robinson 1981) is narrower than
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for this very complicated genus. Hastings authored the accounts for species 1–8, 10, 11, 13–16, 18, and 20–24, Greven those for species 10, 13, 18, 20, 25–43
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or in glomerules, rarely aggregated in second-order heads. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series, usually
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subterranean panicles; branches sometimes spikelike and secund, sometimes less than 1 cm; disarticulation usually below the glumes, sometimes at the base of the panicle
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more rarely herbaceous, commissures between sepals 1-veined, herbaceous; lobes green or purplish, 1–5-veined, broadly triangular to lance-oblong or linear
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before opening, ovoid-conic when open, 4–6 (–7) cm, redbrown, aging gray, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm, scales lacking contrasting dark border on adaxial
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funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos, rarely capsules, elongate
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grapes, alluding to common name for A. uva-ursi Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 406. Mentioned on page 371, 375, 397, 405, 407, 408, 415
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with 2–20+ spikes, 1–1.5 times as long as wide in fruit; proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, rarely leaflike, not more than 5 cm, not more than 2 times
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253. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or treelets, 1–80 (–300) cm (some rhizomatous or with woody caudices). Leaves basal, basal and cauline
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usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually
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forked, cruciform, stellate, malpighiaceous, or dendritic, often more than 1 kind present. Stems usually erect to ascending, sometimes decumbent or prostrate
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falling, vestigial, or of 8–12 linear to subulate, laciniate or fimbriate scales, sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United
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dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate, white to pale green, 1–2 mm. Fruits erect or pendent, capsular or baccate. Seeds
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monophyletic: 8a2a. ser. Maculosae, 8a2b. ser. Ovatae, and 8d. subg. Limnochloa, whereas the following taxa are probably para- or polyphyletic: 8a1. sect. Eleocharis
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triangular (lengths 0.7–1 times stigmatic lines). Cypselae narrowly obconic to cylindric, sometimes somewhat compressed, ribs usually 8–10 (either darker and
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cleistogamous species of Sporobolus (Poaceae). Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 93:8-11 Peterson, P.M., R.D. Webster and J. Valdes-Reyna. 1997. Genera of New World
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sometimes smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to
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hispidulous, with 1 to many spikelets. Spikelets 2-12 mm, subterete to strongly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (1) 2-8 (13); rachilla
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and T.R. Soderstrom. 1994. A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon, vol. 8 (ed. M.D. Dassanayake). Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi, India. 458 pp. Guissani
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