pendent at maturity, linear, often torulose, slender to somewhat stout, straight to moderately incurved, 12-24 (-30) mm. Seeds nearly 2 mm diam., appearing
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long-attenuate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on midveins, moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular on veins. Inflorescences terminal
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cells long-rectangular, papillae 4–7, in 1 row, walls strongly thick, moderately to strongly porose, region strongly yellow to red-orange across insertion
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suberect; costae without scales abaxially; veins, costules, and costae moderately to rather densely hairy adaxially with hairs greater than 0.3 mm. > 15
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483. Mentioned on page 470. Plants simple, rarely branched, 5–22 (–35) cm, stout, base not enlarged. Stems thickened, fleshy. Roots inconspicuous (often very
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prickles sparse to moderate, hooked to retrorse, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately sessile-glandular. Flowers bisexual; petals
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems erect, branched, stout to robust, usually 1.5–3 m (occasionally to 9 m!) × 30 cm. Leaves: petiole
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(–80) dm. Stems: 1–2-year old twigs usually very dark; thorns on twigs ± stout. Leaves: petiole glandular or eglandular; blade usually rhombic to rhombic-elliptic
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creeping, glabrate to moderately hairy, sparsely to densely sessile to short-stipitate-glandular, not or weakly pruinose; prickles moderately dense to dense,
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or strongly perennial with branched, woody caudex. Taproots filiform to stout. Stems erect to sprawling, simple to freely branching distally or throughout
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North America Association Stems usually not branching, straight, scapelike, stout, 1–3 dm. Leaves: basal 1–3 dm × 5–15 mm, usually shorter than stem. Inflorescences
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large, in loose tufts, light green or whitish. Stems creeping, densely to moderately densely terete-foliate, usually julaceous, regularly pinnate, branches
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terete-foliate [complanate], not or sparingly branched; transverse-section cells moderately differentiated, cortex deeply red pigmented, outer cortical cells somewhat
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contorted. > 37 32 Bulbs on stout, iris-like rhizome; ovary crestless. > 33 32 Bulbs short-rhizomatous at base, rhizome not stout and iris-like; ovary strongly
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distally, (0.5) 1-3 (4) mm wide, usually involute, moderately thick and firm, infrequently moderately thin, abaxial surfaces usually smooth, infrequently
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on page 599. Mentioned on page 576. Herbs, perennial, 1–3 (–4) dm; from a stout, woody caudex; with a taproot. Stems several, erect or ascending, unbranched
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branches present. Leaves ± loosely imbricate, ± longitudinally plicate, moderately to distinctly plicate-sulcate when dry, 1.5–2 mm; margins recurved proximally
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sometimes cormoid, and long rhizomes. Stems 1–5+, ascending to erect (often stout, light to dark-brown), sparsely to densely scabroso-hirsute to cinereo-puberulent
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sparsely to moderately hairy, glabrescent, eglandular, not pruinose; prickles sparse to moderate, slightly to strongly hooked, weak to stout, 0.8–1.5 (–2)
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sessile-glandular, not or weakly pruinose; prickles moderately dense, hooked, retrorse, or erect, stout, 4–10 mm, broad or narrow-based. Leaves deciduous
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