oblanceolate, 2–60 (–120) × 1.2–40 cm, nearly smooth to tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent; areoles usually elliptic, circular, or obovate, 3–8 (–10) × 1–7 (–10)
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distally). Cypselae narrowly prismatic, 10-ribbed, glabrous or hairy to glabrate, often glanddotted; pappi persistent, of 10–80 usually smooth or barbellulate
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or ± compressed, rarely beaked, bodies usually smooth, sometimes rugose or 10-nerved or 20-nerved (glabrous or puberulent to villous; often with apical
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base. Seeds many, elliptic, 2–4 mm, bearing white or yellowish, large, oily, myrmecochorous elaiosome (aril). x = 5.2n = 10 in all American species recorded
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Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured at 10X. Tubercles
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compressed-3-gonous or nearly pyramidal, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight. x = 7, 8, 9, 10 (polyploidy widespread in the genus). Almost worldwide, but mostly in temperate
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mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
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Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, rarely subshrubs, not viviparous, 0.2–10 dm, glabrous or hairy. Stems erect, ascending, procumbent, or creeping, usually
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1709–1773, botanist and physician of Leipzig Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, usually perennial, rarely annual, or shrubs, [rarely trees], caulescent
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
539. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, rarely rhizomatous. Culms 10-600 cm, erect or decumbent. Ligules membranous and ciliate or of hairs; blades
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from which leaves have fallen. Genera 10, species ca. 200 (6 genera, 66 species in the flora with 64 natives and 2 naturalized). Burns, R.M. and B.H. Honkala
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orbicular to elliptical, planoconvex or flattened, white, yellow, or brown, x = 10, 12. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D.C, Wis., W.Va., Pacific Islands
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Pistillate flowers: sepals [3–] (4–) 5 (–9) [–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes
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corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences erect or rarely pendent, paniculate or racemose, sometimes
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abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
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oblong, rarely ovate, oblanceolate, or rhombic, base usually clawed; stamens 10–30, usually shorter than or equal to petals, sometimes longer. Drupes 1, greenish
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perennial; herbaceous, usually cespitose, occasionally rhizomatous. Culms 10-150 cm, not woody, sometimes branched above the base; internodes usually pith-filled
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Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or treelets, 1–80 (–300) cm (some rhizomatous or with woody caudices). Leaves basal, basal and cauline
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its hybrids), solid or hollow, terete or slightly flattened. Leaves: basal 3–10, in fan; blade monofacial (except at base), smooth or ridged, sometimes centrally
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stamens 10, (distinct); filaments linear and ± flattened or club-shaped; pistils 2 (–3+), 2 (–3) -carpellate, carpels distinct or connate to ca. 1/2 their
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