familyOnagraceae
subfamilyOnagraceae subfam. Onagroideae
tribeOnagraceae tribe Onagreae
genusOenothera
sectionOenothera sect. Gaura
subsectionOenothera subsect. Schizocarya
speciesOenothera curtiflora

Oenothera curtiflora

W. L. Wagner & Hoch

Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. 2007.

Warren L. Wagner
Basionym: Gaura parviflora Douglas ex Lehmann Nov. Stirp. Pug. 2: 15. 1830
Synonyms: G. australis Grisebach G. hirsuta Scheele G. micrantha (Spach) D. Dietrich G. parviflora var. lachnocarpa Weatherby Schizocarya micrantha Spach 1835
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.
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Herbs annual, strigillose, glandular puberulent, and long-villous; from heavy taproot, 2–4 cm diam. Stems erect, unbranched or many-branched distally, (20–) 30–200 (–300) cm. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1.5–3 cm, petiole 0–1.8 cm, blade broadly oblanceolate, margins sinuate-dentate to dentate; cauline 2–13 × 0.5–5 cm, petiole 0–2 cm, blade nar­rowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, margins sinuate-dentate to dentate. Inflorescences relatively long, dense. Flowers 4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunset; floral-tube 1.5–5 mm; sepals 2–3.5 mm; petals white, fading pale to dark-pink, slightly unequal, oblong-obovate to elliptic-oblanceolate, 1.5–3 mm, abruptly clawed; filaments 1.5–3 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 3–9 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. Capsules fusiform, terete, weakly angled in distal 1/3, angles becoming broad and rounded in proximal part, 5–11 × 1.5–3 mm, tapering abruptly toward base; sessile. Seeds 3 or 4, reddish-brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Oct.
Habitat: Rocky prairie slopes, woodlands, along streams, roadsides, disturbed areas.
Elevation: 10–2800 m.

Distribution

Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.Mex., Okla., Oreg., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., Wash., Wyo., Mexico (Baja California), Mexico (Chihuahua), Mexico (Coahuila), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (Nuevo León), Mexico (Sinaloa), Mexico (Zacatecas), in South America (Argentina), Asia (China), Asia (Japan), Australia

Discussion

Oenothera curtiflora is self-compatible and autoga­mous (P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory 1972[1973]). Sometimes it is apparently a biennial. The species is native to grassland regions and open areas across much of interior North America. The full extent of its indigenous range is not clear and collections from the eastern half of the United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Tennessee) and California may be more recent introductions. Gaura mollis Nuttall ex Torrey 1827 is an isonym of G. mollis E. James 1822, a suppressed name.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Oenothera curtiflora"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
14 +
4-locular septum architecture
incomplete +
4-locular septum architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Androecium position
epigynous +
Angle architecture
sessile +
Angle length
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Angle shape
tapering +  and rounded +
Angle width
broad +
Anther fixation
versatile +
Anther some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Apex dehiscence
indehiscent +
Apex shape
rounded +, , +, acute +  and attenuate +
Author
Warren L. Wagner +
Authority
W. L. Wagner & Hoch +
Basal leaf arrangement
alternate +
Basal leaf position
cauline +
Basal leaf presence
absent +
Basal scale size
minute +
Basal scale some measurement
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Basal stem length
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Basal stem width
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Base coloration
pale green +  and yellow usually fading orange purple pale-yellow reddish or whitish +
Base shape
pedicel-like +
Basionyms
Gaura parviflora +
Berry architecture or shape
nutlike +
Berry dehiscence
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
Blade margin shape
sinuate-dentate +  and denticulate serrate lobed or entire +
Blade shape
rowly elliptic +  and narrowly ovate +
Bud orientation
erect +
Bud shape
terete +
Capsule architecture
4-winged +
Capsule architecture or shape
nutlike +
Capsule architecture or structure in adjective form
4-locular +
Capsule condition or texture
dry +
Capsule course
curved +  and straight +
Capsule dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Capsule orientation
reflexed +
Capsule shape
angled +, terete +  and fusiform +
Capsule texture
woody +
Carpel quantity
Many (?) +
Cel reproduction
vegetative +
Distribution
Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Va. +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, Mexico (Baja California) +, Mexico (Chihuahua) +, Mexico (Coahuila) +, Mexico (Durango) +, Mexico (Nuevo León) +, Mexico (Sinaloa) +, Mexico (Zacatecas) +, in South America (Argentina) +, Asia (China) +, Asia (Japan) +  and Australia +
Elevation
10–2800 m. +
Embryo-sac coating
oily +
Embryo-sac course
straight +
Embryo-sac presence
absent +
Embryo coating
oily +
Embryo course
straight +
Embryo presence
absent +
Endosperm coating
oily +
Endosperm course
straight +
Endosperm presence
absent +
Epidermis coloration
whitish +  and green +
Epidermis relief
exfoliating +
Filament architecture
dithecal +
Filament fixation
basifixed +  and versatile +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Filament some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Floral-tube atypical some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br />) +
Floral-tube duration
deciduous +
Floral-tube presence
absent +
Floral-tube pubescence
lanate +
Floral-tube quantity
, +
Floral-tube some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flower architecture
actinomorphic +  and 4-merous +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Flower part duration
deciduous +
Flower part life cycle
anthesis +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +
Fruit course
curved +  and straight +
Fruit dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Fruit shape
4-angled +, terete +, tapering +, cylindrical +, ellipsoid +, clavate +, ovoid ellipsoid +  and cylindrical rhombic-obovoid or globose +
Habitat
Rocky prairie slopes, woodlands, along streams, roadsides, disturbed areas. +
Hair height or length or size
short +
Hair position relational
interlocking +
Herb architecture
caulescent +
Herb architecture or function or pubescence
glandular +
Herb diameter
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Herb duration
annual +
Herb growth form
suffrutescent +
Herb pubescence
long-villous +, puberulent +  and strigillose +
Herb texture
producing rhizomes +  and woody +
Illustration
Present +
Indusium architecture
peltate +
Indusium prominence
conspicuous +
Inflorescence density
dense +
Inflorescence length or size
long +
Inflorescence orientation
nodding +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence size
slender +
Lateral root orientation
spreading +
Leaf-axil orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf atypical some measurement
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
Leaf condition
later +
Leaf duration
deciduous +
Leaf position
cauline +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Lobe arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Lobe quantity
4 (?) +
Locule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Locule quantity
many +
Margin architecture or shape
sinuate-dentate +  and dentate +
Margin position
cauline +
Mouth condition
closing +
Mouth presence
absent +
Mouth size
reduced +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture
pedicellate +  and sessile +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule architecture
bitegmic +
Ovule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +  and 8 +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Petal arrangement
imbricate +
Petal arrangement or shape
convolute +
Petal coloration
fading pale +  and dark-pink +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
4 +
Petal shape
clawed +, oblong-obovate +  and elliptic-oblanceolate +
Petal size
unequal +
Petal some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Petiole some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Oct. +
Pollen-grain dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Pollen arrangement
singly +
Pollen reproduction
fertile +
Polyad arrangement
singly +
Proximal part reproduction
sterile +
Proximal part width
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Publication title
Syst. Bot. Monogr. +
Publication year
2007 +
Raphide quantity
abundant +
Reference
None +
Rosette position
basal +  and cauline +
Row atypical quantity
2 (4) +
Row quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Secretion condition
wet +
Secretion condition or texture
dry +
Secretion relief
papillate +
Secretion shape
clavate +  and globose +
Seed atypical quantity
1 (160) +
Seed coloration
reddish-brown +
Seed length
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Seed quantity
4 +  and 3 +
Seed relief
sculptured +  and smooth +
Seed size
reduced +
Seed width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Sepal architecture or dehiscence
splitting +
Sepal arrangement
separating +
Sepal arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Sepal coloration
purple +, pink +, red +  and green +
Sepal duration
deciduous +
Sepal fusion
coherent +
Sepal orientation
reflexed +
Sepal quantity
4 +
Sepal some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Septum architecture
disarticulating +  and sessile +
Septum arrangement
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
Septum fragility
fragile +
Septum presence
absent +
Septum prominence
not evident +
Septum width
thin +
Series length or size
longer +
Series quantity
2 +
Series size
unequal +
Series variability
equal +
Set length or size
longer +
Set quantity
2 +
Set variability
equal +
Shoot orientation
arising +
Shrub architecture
unarmed +
Shrub growth form
not clonal +
Shrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Spike architecture
leafy +
Stamen quantity
8 +
Stamen size
in 2 unequal series +  and subequal +
Stamen size or quantity
2 times as many or as many as sepals +
Stem architecture
many-branched +  and unbranched +
Stem atypical some measurement
200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
Stem growth form or orientation
decumbent +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stem some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Stigma architecture
peltate +
Stigma development
developing +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stigma shape
divided +
Stipule architecture
petiolate +  and sessile +
Stipule duration
caducous +
Stipule position
intrapetiolar +
Stipule presence
absent +
Stipule size
small +
Style pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Subshrub architecture
unarmed +
Subshrub growth form
not clonal +
Subshrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Surface architecture
smooth +, reticulate +  and furrowed +
Surface architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Surface architecture or shape
entire +
Surface atypical quantity
4 (8) +
Surface condition
wet +
Surface duration
persisting +
Surface life cycle
anthesis +
Surface prominence
obscured +
Surface quantity
1 (4) +
Surface relief
rugose +, papillose +  and non-papillate +
Surface shape
oblanceoloid +  and ovoid +
Synonyms
G. australis +, G. hirsuta +, G. micrantha +, G. parviflora var. lachnocarpa +  and Schizocarya micrantha +
Taxon family
Onagraceae +
Taxon name
Oenothera curtiflora +
Taxon parent
Oenothera subsect. Schizocarya +
Taxon rank
species +
Tetrad arrangement
singly +
Tetrad dehiscence
3(-5)-aperturate +
Tip fusion
free +
Viscin thread dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Viscin thread fusion
united +
Volume
Volume 10 +
Wall texture
woody +  and hard +
Wing architecture
smooth +  and erose +
Wing condition or texture
dry +
Wing relief
papillate +
Wing width
thick +
Within position or shape
distal +
Within quantity
1/2 +