Youngia japonica

(Linneaus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle

in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 194. 1838.

Common names: Oriental false hawksbeard
Basionym: Prenanthes japonica Linnaeus Mant. Pl., 107. 1767
Synonyms: Crepis japonica (Linnaeus) Bentham Youngia japonica subsp. elstonii (Hochreutiner) Babcock & Stebbins
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 256.
Revision as of 19:11, 29 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Stems terete, fistulose. Leaves: petioles 1–10 cm, glabrous, puberulent, or densely hairy (hairs often brownish, crinkled); blades 3–12 (–25) × 2–4 (–6) cm, lateral lobes 0–20, mostly gradually reduced proximally, terminal lobes elliptic, ovate, obovate, or oblong-truncate, larger than laterals, apices obtuse or acute. Peduncles 1–5 (–15) mm. Phyllaries 3.5–6 mm, bases and midribs becoming ± spongy, abaxial faces glabrous, glabrate, or hairy (hairs appressed, shining). Florets: corollas mostly 4.5–6.5 mm; anthers dark green (drying purplish); styles and style-branches yellow. Cypselae 1.5–2.5 mm, bases hollow, lightly calloused; pappi 2.5–3.5 mm, slightly surpassing phyllaries. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer (year-round south).
Habitat: Waste places, lawns, etc.
Elevation: 0–2400 m

Distribution

V19-340-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Ala., Ark., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ky., La., Md., Miss., N.Y., N.C., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., se Asia, also in Mexico, Central America, South America, Europe, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia

Discussion

Youngia japonica is now considered a pantropical weed. Relatively few specimens in the flora match what Babcock and Stebbins called subsp. elstonii, with cauline leaves almost as large as the basal and with conspicuous, lobed bracts at the bases of the proximalmost branches of the capitulescence. In subsp. japonica, to which most of our specimens are referred, the cauline leaves are much reduced or lacking, as are the bracts of the capitulescence.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Youngia japonica"
hairy +, glabrate +  and glabrous +
acute;obtuse +
scarious +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
corymbiform +  and paniculiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Phyllis L. Spurr +
(Linneaus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle +
decurrent +
calloused +  and spongy +
Prenanthes japonica +
compound +  and simple +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
ovate;oblanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
tuberculate +, rugose +, muricate +  and smooth +
deltate;ovate +
filiform +
smooth +  and barbellulate +
subequal +
Oriental false hawksbeard +
zygomorphic +, actinomorphic +  and (3-)5-merous +
purplish +  and yellow +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
compressed +  and fusiform +
Ala. +, Ark. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, se Asia +, also in Mexico +, Central America +, South America +, Europe +, Africa +, Pacific Islands +  and Australia +
0–2400 m +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Waste places, lawns, etc. +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
cylindric;campanulate +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
hairy +, puberulent +  and glabrous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Flowering spring–summer (year-round south). +
connate +  and distinct +
subequal +  and unequal +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. +
flat;convex +
11 +  and 13 +
less spiculate +  and scabrellous +
exalbuminous +
tomentose +, puberulent +  and glabrous +
1 +  and 5 +
fistulose +  and terete +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +
Crepis japonica +  and Youngia japonica subsp. elstonii +
Youngia japonica +
species +
oblong-truncate +, obovate +, ovate +  and elliptic +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
biennial +  and annual +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +