Echinacea purpurea

(Linnaeus) Moench

Methodus, 591. 1794.

Common names: Eastern purple coneflower
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Rudbeckia purpurea Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 907. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 91. Mentioned on page 88, 92.
Revision as of 22:04, 29 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Plants 50–120 cm (roots fibrous). Herbage usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to 2 mm), sometimes glabrous. Stems usually brownish green. Basal leaves: petioles 0–17 (–25) cm; blades 3-nerved or 5-nerved, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 5–30 × (1–) 5–12 cm, bases usually rounded to cordate, margins usually serrate to dentate, rarely entire. Peduncles 8–25 cm. Phyllaries linear to lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–8 mm. Receptacles: paleae 9–15 mm, tips red-orange, straight or slightly curved, sharp-pointed. Ray corollas pink to purple, laminae spreading to recurved, 30–80 × 7–19 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. Discs conic, 14–45 × 20–40 mm. Disc corollas 4.5–5.7 mm, lobes greenish to pink or purple. Cypselae off-white, 3.5–5 mm, usually glabrous (ray cypselae sometimes hairy on angles); pappi ca. 1.2 mm (teeth equal). 2n = 22.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat: Rocky, open woods, thickets, prairies, especially near waterways
Elevation: 10–400+ m

Distribution

V21-213-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Miss., Mo., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Tenn., Tex., Wis.

Discussion

Echinacea purpurea is introduced in Ontario. It and cultivars derived from it are extensively grown ornamentals in gardens, wildflower roadside plantings, and prairie restoration sites. Because of its popularity as an herbal remedy, it is also grown commercially. As a result of such activities, naturalized and persisting populations may extend the natural range of E. purpurea. Selections used for such plantings may differ from native forms.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broader" is not a number.

... more about "Echinacea purpurea"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
connate +  and distinct +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
spiciform +, racemiform +, paniculiform +, corymbiform +  and cymiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Lowell E. Urbatsch +, Kurt M. Neubig +  and Patricia B. Cox +
(Linnaeus) Moench +
bristlelike +
coroniform +
usually rounded +  and cordate +
Rudbeckia purpurea +
5-nerved +  and 3-nerved +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
ovate;narrowly lanceolate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Eastern purple coneflower +
yellow +, reddish purple +, greenish +, pinkish +, dark purple +  and pale-pink white or yellow +
4-angled +  and 3-angled +
fertile +  and bisexual +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br />) +
fertile +  and bisexual +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
20mm;40mm +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +  and Wis. +
10–400+ m +
glabrous +, glabrate +  and hairy +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Rocky, open woods, thickets, prairies, especially near waterways +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
glabrous +  and hairy +
each +  and sessile +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
crateriform;hemispheric +
30mm;80mm +
spreading +  and recurved +
7mm;19mm +
cauline +  and basal +
greenish;pink or purple +
triangular +
entire +, usually serrate +  and dentate +
2-carpellate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
persistent +
coroniform +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (?) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
Flowering late spring–summer. +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
15 +  and 50 +
unequal +  and subequal +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
sterile +  and fertile +
pink +  and purple +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
hemispheric;conic +
exalbuminous +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
branched +  and unbranched +
brownish green +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Enceliinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Engelmanniinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Spilanthinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Verbesininae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Zinniinae +
Echinacea purpurea +
Echinacea +
species +
red-orange +
curved +  and straight +
sharp-pointed +
cylindric +
shorter to longer than campanulate +
toothed +  and entire +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (140 cm1,400 mm <br />1.4 m <br />) +
200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +