Taxon	Illustrator ⠉
	Holozonia filipes Kyhosia bolanderi Hemizonella minima	Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Barbara Alongi Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

Perennials, 50–120 cm (rhizomatous; self-incompatible). Stems (aerial) erect. Leaves basal and cauline (at flowering); proximal opposite (basalmost in rosettes), distal alternate; sessile; blades lance-linear to linear, margins entire, faces hirsute and (distal leaves) glandular-hirtellous. Heads radiate, borne singly or in loose, ± corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0. Involucres ± campanulate to hemispheric, 6–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries 8–12 in 1 series (each mostly or wholly enveloping a ray ovary, lanceolate to lance-linear, herbaceous, abaxially hirsute and glandular-hirtellous). Receptacles flat to convex, glabrous, paleate (paleae falling, in 1 series between rays and discs, weakly connate or distinct). Ray-florets 8–12, pistillate, fertile; corollas bright-yellow. Disc-florets 28–65, bisexual and fertile; corollas bright-yellow, pubescent, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate (anthers ± dark purple; styles glabrous proximal to branches). Ray cypselae (black) compressed, clavate (arcuate, basal attachments centered, apices beakless, faces glabrous or hispidulous); pappi 0, or coroniform. Disc cypselae (brown to black) ± terete (straight or arcuate, faces hispidulous, otherwise similar to rays); pappi of 5–10 (stramineous to purplish) lanceolate to subulate, ciliate to plumose scales. x = 6.

Distribution

w United States

Discussion

Species 1.

Kyhosia has been treated as congeneric with Madia, which is evidently more closely related to the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Argyroxiphium, Dubautia, and Wilkesia) than to Kyhosia (B. G. Baldwin 1996). Head architecture is similar in Kyhosia and Argyroxiphium, as noted by S. Carlquist (1959). Kyhosia is the only perennial tarweed with 2n = 12.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Kyhosia bolanderi