Xyris caroliniana

Walter

Flora Caroliniana, secundum. 69. 1788.

Illustrated
Basionym: Xyris arenicola Small 1903, Xyris torta 1843,
Synonyms: Xyris conocephala Wright Xyris flexuosa Muhlenberg ex Elliott Xyris flexuosa var. pallescens (Mohr) Barnhart Xyris pallescens Kunth Xyris torta var. pallescens C. Mohr
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22.
Revision as of 23:57, 29 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Herbs, perennial, usually cespitose, 30–80 (–100) cm, base deeply set. Stems compact. Leaves erect or ascending, 20–50 cm; sheath base chestnut-brown; blade green, narrowly linear, twisted, 2–5 mm wide, compressed but fleshy, margins minutely tuberculate. Inflorescences: scape sheaths much exceeded by leaves; scapes linear, wiry, flexuous, nearly terete, 1.2–1.5 mm wide, distally 1-ribbed, rib smooth or somewhat scabrous; spikes ellipsoid to lanceoloid or cylindric, 10–30 mm, apex acute; fertile bracts 5–10 (–13) mm, margins entire or erose, apex rounded. Flowers: lateral sepals conspicuously exserted, tan to reddish-brown, nearly straight, 13–15 mm (including long hairs), keel firm, apex long-fimbriate, fimbriae red; petals unfolding in afternoon, blade obovate, 8–10 mm; staminodes bearded. Seeds translucent, cylindro-fusiform, 0.8–1 mm, with flat, longitudinal ribs. 2n = 18.


Phenology: Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat: Moist sands of pine savannas, bog edges, upper shores, flatwoods, sandy coastal dune swales, coastal plain
Elevation: 0–300 m

Distribution

V22 453-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.J., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va., West Indies (Cuba)

Discussion

In Florida and the lower Gulf Coastal Plain west to Mississippi are paler-leaved, white-petaled examples that have been treated as Xyris flexuosa var. pallescens (C. Mohr) Barnhart. These indeed are always in uniform populations but differ in no other significant way from the species. Since from typical plants. Because some other Xyris have white-flowered morphs (particularly X. platylepis), these are regarded as too close to be distinguished as varieties. Populational studies are in order, however.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number.

... more about "Xyris caroliniana"
long-fimbriate +, rounded +  and acute +
Robert Kral +
Walter +
open +  and sheathing +
Xyris arenicola +  and Xyris torta +
ephemeral +
obovate +  and compressed +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +  and 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.J. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tex. +, Va. +  and West Indies (Cuba) +
0–300 m +
basal-lateral +
proteinaceous +  and starchy +
loculicidal +
Moist sands of pine savannas, bog edges, upper shores, flatwoods, sandy coastal dune swales, coastal plain +
moniliform +
margined +  and winged +
tan +  and reddish-brown +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
equitant +, 2-ranked +  and alternate +
ascending;erect +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
erose +  and entire +
tuberculate +
distinct +
unfolding +
Flowering summer–fall. +
monosulcate +
Flora Caroliniana, secundum. +
flexuous +
bladed +  and open +
1.2mm;1.5mm +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
cross-lined +
cylindro-fusiform +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
connivent +  and opposite +
distinct +
unequal +
Illustrated +
decussate +  and imbricate +
ellipsoid;lanceoloid or cylindric +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
epipetalous +
branching +  and simple +
elongate +  and caudiciform +
funnel +  and u--shaped +
tubular +  and elongate +
Xyris conocephala +, Xyris flexuosa +, Xyris flexuosa var. pallescens +, Xyris pallescens +  and Xyris torta var. pallescens +
Xyris caroliniana +
species +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
herb +  and cespitose +