Anthoxanthum aristatum

Boiss.
Common names: Vernalgrass
Introduced
Synonyms: Anthoxanthum puelii
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 759.
Revision as of 01:40, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants annual. Culms 5-60 cm, often geniculate at the base, freely branched. Auricles to 0.5 mm, sometimes absent; ligules 1-2 (3) mm, obtuse to acute; blades 0.8-6 cm long, 1-5 mm wide. Panicles 1-4 cm; lowermost branches 8-12 (15) mm; pedicels 0.1-0.3 mm, pubescent. Spikelets (4) 5-9 mm; lower glumes 3-5 mm; upper glumes 5-7 mm; sterile florets about 3 mm, awn of the first floret 3.5-5 mm, awn of the second floret 6-10 mm, exceeding the upper glumes by 2-3 mm; fertile florets about 2 mm; anthers 2, 2.8-4.1 mm. 2n = 10, 20,

Distribution

Wash., W.Va., N.J., N.Y., B.C., Que., Fla., N.H., Tex., La., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Pa., Va., Calif., Ala., Mass., Maine, Ark., Ill., Iowa, Okla., Ohio, Minn., Mich., Miss., Ky., Oreg.

Discussion

Anthoxanthum aristatum is native to Europe. It is now established but not common in the Flora region, being found in mesic to dry, open, disturbed habitats of western and eastern North America. North American plants belong to Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss. subsp. aristatum, which differs from Anthoxanthum aristatum subsp. macranthum Valdes in having well-exserted awns and deeply bifid, sterile lemmas.

Hitchcock (1951) stated that another annual species of Anthoxanthum, A. gracile Biv., is occasionally cultivated for dry bouquets, but it does not appear to be widely available at present. It differs from A. aristatum in having longer (10-12 mm) spikelets and simple or sparingly branched culms.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Anthoxanthum aristatum"
membranous +  and scarious +
3 +  and 2 +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
awned +  and bilobed +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Kelly W. Allied +  and Mary E. Barkworth +
Boiss. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
not evident +
pilose +  and glabrous +
rolled +  and flat +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
spikelike +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Vernalgrass +
geniculate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Wash. +, W.Va. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, B.C. +, Que. +, Fla. +, N.H. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Va. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Mass. +, Maine +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Iowa +, Okla. +, Ohio +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Ky. +  and Oreg. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
sometimes longer +
fertile +  and sterile +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
pilose +  and glabrous +
keeled +, lanceolate +  and ovate +
subequal +  and unequal +
exceeding the florets +  and equaling +
uncinate +
0 +  and 1/3 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
3-7-veined +  and 3-veined +
pubescent +, glabrous +  and strigose +
compressed +
subequal +
obtuse +  and acute +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
spikelike +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
Introduced +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
stramineous +  and brown +
compressed +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Anthoxanthum puelii +
Anthoxanthum aristatum +
Anthoxanthum +
species +
membranous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
parallel +  and converging +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +