Dactyloctenium radulans

(R. Br.) P. Beauv.
Common names: Buttongrass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 113.
Revision as of 03:32, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants annuals or short-lived perennials. Culms 5-20 (50) cm, decumbent or ascending, rarely erect, usually branched. Sheaths glabrous or with papillose-based hairs, slightly keeled; ligules to 1 mm, membranous, truncate, ciliate; blades flat, bases with papillose-based hairs. Panicle branches 2-11, 0.4-1.5 cm, almost globose, most of the spikelets in contact with the spikelets of adjacent branches; branch axes extending beyond the distal spikelets as 1-1.5 mm points. Spikelets 3.5-5 mm, with 2-5 florets. Glumes strongly keeled; lower glumes 1-2 mm, ovate, acute; upper glumes 1.5-3 mm, oblong-elliptic, acuminate, awned, awns 0.5-2.5 mm; lemmas 3-4.3 mm, ovate, keels scabrous, 1-veined, veins excurrent about 0.5 mm, apices acuminate to mucronate; paleas shorter than the lemmas; anthers 0.2-0.8 mm, pale-yellow. Seeds about 1.2 mm long, about 0.7 mm wide, transversely rugose, brown. 2n = unknown.

Discussion

Dactyloctenium radulans has been found at few locations in the Flora region, most of which were associated with wool waste. It is native to Australia, where it is regarded as a valuable ephemeral pasture grass in the drier inland areas but also as a garden weed. It resembles Dactyloctenium aristatum Link of tropical eastern Africa, differing primarily in having transversely rugose, rather than granular, caryopses.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dactyloctenium radulans"
pale-yellow +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
acuminate +  and mucronate +
Stephan L. Hatch +
(R. Br.) P. Beauv. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
multiple +, , +  and single +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
not fused +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
not pseudopetiolate +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
involute +  and flat +
spikelike +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
sometimes longer +
membranous +
Buttongrass +
erect +, ascending +  and decumbent +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
not woody +
Ariz. +, Fla. +, Mass. +  and S.C. +
not waisted +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
2 +  and 5 +
sterile +  and bisexual +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
paniculate +  and racemose +
hollow +  and solid +
not absent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.43 cm4.3 mm <br />0.0043 m <br />) +
membranous +
sometimes longer +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
acute +  and ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
spikelike +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (?) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +
with papillose-based hairs +  and glabrous +
1 +  and 60 +
compressed +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Dactyloctenium radulans +
Dactyloctenium +
species +
membranous +
acuminate +  and oblong-elliptic +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
perennial +, short-lived +  and annual +
rhizomatous +  and stoloniferous +
perennial +  and annual +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +