Trillium angustipetalum

(Torrey) J. D. Freeman

Brittonia 27: 55. 1975.

Common names: Narrow-petaled trillium
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Trillium sessile var. angustipetalum Torrey Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 151. 1857
Synonyms: Trillium giganteum var. angustipetalum (Torrey) R. R. Gates
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Mentioned on page 106.
Revision as of 04:27, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Plants tall, very robust. Rhizomes erect, brownish, thick, somewhat compressed-thickened, praemorse, not brittle. Scapes 1–2, round in cross-section, 2.5–6 dm. Bracts held well above ground, spreading horizontally, subsessile; blade very sparsely mottled with dark greenish brown or rarely all green, mottling becoming obscure with age, broadly ovate, 10–22 × 8.7–15 cm, not glossy, often narrowed to falsely petiolate, very short, and narrowly cuneate base 10–20 mm, apex obtuse. Flower erect, odor spicy-musty, musty, or fetid; sepals conspicuous, spreading, often resting on bracts, maroon to green, linear to oblong-lanceolate, 35–47 × 8–10 mm, margins flat, entire, apex acute; petals long-lasting, erect, ± connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary and partially obscuring stamens, dark purple to red-purple, not spirally twisted, veins obscure, linear, 5–10 × 0.7–1.4 cm, 8–10 times longer than wide, glossy, thick-textured, base linear, margins entire, at first flat but inrolling with age, apex variously acute-obtuse; stamens erect, 12–22 mm; filaments dark maroon, 2–4 mm, slender, widest at base; anthers erect, straight, purple, 12–18 mm, dehiscence introrse; connectives purple, slightly extended 1–1.5 mm beyond anther sacs; ovary dark, ovoid-ellipsoid, 6-angled toward apex, 7.5–12 mm; stigmas erect, divergent-recurved, distinct, purple, sessile, awl-shaped, thickly subulate, 5 mm, thick, fleshy. Fruits dark purple, fragrance unknown, subglobose, 6-angled, almost winged, fleshy. 2n = 10.


Phenology: Flowering spring–early summer (Mar–Jun).
Habitat: Big-tree (Sequoiadendron) groves and other mixed coniferous-deciduous flatwoods, slightly damper depressions under maples and deciduous shrubs, coastal mountains, oak (Quercus) groves in ravines and otherwise quite arid, almost treeless chaparral, wooded canyon slopes, dense woods near streams
Elevation: 30–200 m

Discussion

Trillium angustipetalum occurs in the Sierra Nevada from Fresno County north to Placer County (J. D. Freeman 1975). It is disjunct in the coastal mountains and hills of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties.

B. D. Ness (1993) listed Trillium kurabayashii as a synonym of T. angustipetalum. In bract orientation, color, and texture, and in petal shape, the two are quite different and certainly not the same species. Cytologist Masataka Kurabayashi found chromosomal differences between the two species (reported by J. D. Freeman 1975).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"compressed-shortened" is not a number. "elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."thicker" is not a number."thick" is not a number.

... more about "Trillium angustipetalum"
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
more or less equaling or longer +
cordate +  and linear +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
acute-obtuse +, acute +  and obtuse +
Frederick W. Case Jr. +
(Torrey) J. D. Freeman +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
cuneate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Trillium sessile var. angustipetalum +
mottling +, rarely +  and mottled with dark greenish brown or mottled with rarely all green +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
narrowed +  and ovate +
8.7 cm87 mm <br />0.087 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
not mottled +, , +, mottled in darker green or bronze +  and green +
mottled +  and green +
1;several +
obovate;elliptical +
tunicate +  and scaly +
thin-walled +
Narrow-petaled trillium +
yellowish +  and white +
30–200 m +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
fetid +  and spicy-musty +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
dark purple +
6-angled +
Big-tree (Sequoiadendron) groves and otherBig-tree (Sequoiadendron) groves and other mixed coniferous-deciduous flatwoods, slightly damper depressions under maples and deciduous shrubs, coastal mountains, oak (Quercus) groves in ravines and otherwise quite arid, almost treeless chaparral, wooded canyon slopes, dense woods near streamsed canyon slopes, dense woods near streams +
paired +, paniculate +  and racemose +
persistent +
dark purple +  and red-purple +
concealing +
6-angled;ovoid-ellipsoid +
0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
many;several +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
bicolored +, white +, green +, yellow +, maroon +  and dark purple +
long-lasting +
distinct +
clawed;obovate;linear +
Flowering spring–early summer (Mar–Jun). +
parietal +  and axile +
6-lobed +  and 3-lobed +
branched +, unbranched +  and monopodial +
not brittle +
subterranean +
praemorse +
compressed-thickened +
straight +
erect +  and arising +
wind-distributed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
alternating +
maroon +  and green +
persistent +
distinct +
conspicuous +
linear +  and oblong-lanceolate +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
divergent +  and alternating +
dark purple;red-purple +
adnate +  and free +
concealing +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
persistent +
divergent-recurved +  and erect +
subulate +  and awl--shaped +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
3 +  and 1 +
Trillium giganteum var. angustipetalum +
Trillium angustipetalum +
Trillium subg. Phyllantherum +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
thick-textured +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
rhizomatous +  and scapose +
3 +  and 2 +