Maianthemum canadense

Desfontaines

Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 9: 54. 1807.

Common names: False lily-of-the-valley two-leaved Solomon’s-seal Canadian may-lily maïanthème du Canada
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Maianthemum canadense var. interius Fernald Smilacina canadensis (Desfontaines) Greene Unifolium canadense
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 208. Mentioned on page 206, 207.
Revision as of 04:45, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants terrestrial, 10–25 cm. Rhizomes sympodial, proliferatively branching, units 2–30 cm × 1–1.5 mm, roots restricted to nodes. Stems erect, 1–1.8 dm × 1–2.5 mm. Leaves solitary on sterile shoots, 2–3 on fertile shoots; blade 4.5–7 (–9) × 3–4.5 (–5.5) cm, apex acute or short-caudate; proximal leaves sessile, blade ovate, base with narrow sinus; distal leaves petiolate, blade cordate, petiole 1–7 mm. Inflorescences racemose, complex, 12–25-flowered. Flowers (1–) 2 (–3) per node, 2-merous; tepals conspicuous, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm; filaments 1–1.5 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary globose, 0.8–1 mm wide; style 0.5–0.8 mm; stigma distinctly 2-lobed; pedicel 3–7 × 0.2–0.5 mm. Berries green mottled red when young, maturing to deep translucent red, globose, 4–6 mm diam. Seeds 1–2, globose, 3 mm. 2n = 36, 54, 72.


Phenology: Flowering early spring.
Habitat: Deciduous and coniferous forests, persisting in forest remnants and parks
Elevation: 0–1800 m

Distribution

V26 356-distribution-map.jpg

St. Pierre and Miquelon, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

Pubescent specimens of Maianthemum canadense in the western half of the range with consistently larger leaves have been treated as var. interius.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thicker" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Maianthemum canadense"
72 +, 54 +  and 36 +
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
cordate +  and linear +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
short-caudate +  and acute +
James V. LaFrankie +
Desfontaines +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
cordiform +  and rounded +
translucent red +, red +  and green mottled +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
globose +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
cordate +  and ovate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
sheathing +  and involucrate +
1;several +
tunicate +  and scaly +
short-petiolate +  and clasping +
False lily-of-the-valley +, two-leaved Solomon’s-seal +, Canadian may-lily +  and maïanthème du Canada +
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and Wyo. +
0–1800 m +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
bright red;mottled +
indehiscent +, septicidal +  and loculicidal +
membranaceous +  and leathery +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Deciduous and coniferous forests, persisting in forest remnants and parks +
12-25-flowered +  and complex +
persistent +
entire +, denticulate +, undulate +  and flat +
2-3-carpellate +
globose +
0.8mm;1mm +
many;several +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +
0.2mm;0.5mm +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Flowering early spring. +
Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. +
branching +  and sympodial +
cylindrical +  and filiform +
wind-distributed +
1 +  and 2 +
globose +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
fertile +  and sterile +
W1 +, Illustrated +  and Endemic +
adnate +  and free +
staminodial +
3 +, 4 +  and 6 +
1mm;2.5mm +
1 +  and several +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
3 +  and 1 +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
Maianthemum canadense var. interius +, Smilacina canadensis +  and Unifolium canadense +
Maianthemum canadense +
Maianthemum +
species +
distinct +
1.5mm;2mm +
conspicuous +
triangular +  and ovate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.8mm;1mm +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
caulescent +  and scapose +
3 +  and 2 +