Zigadenus densus

(Desrousseaux) Fernald

Rhodora 42: 254. 1940.

Common names: Osceola’s plume black snakeroot crow poison pine-barren death camas
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Melanthium densum Desrousseaux in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 26. 1796
Synonyms: Amianthium angustifolium (Michaux) A. Gray Amianthium texanum (Bush) R. R. Gates Helonias angustifolia Michaux Oceanoros leimanthoides (A. Gray) Small Tracyanthus angustifolius (Michaux) Small Tracyanthus angustifolius var. texanus Bush Tracyanthus texanus (Michaux) S. Watson Zigadenus angustifolius A. Gray Zigadenus leimanthoides
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 83. Mentioned on page 82, 84, 89, 90.
Revision as of 05:05, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Plants 4–20 dm, from bulbs; bulbs not clumped, tunicate, ovoid, 0.5–2 × 1–2 cm. Leaves: proximal blades 10–50 cm × 2–12 mm. Inflorescences racemose or paniculate, 40–100-flowered, cylindrical, 4–15 × 2.5–5 cm. Flowers: perianth hypogynous, 5–10 mm diam.; tepals persistent in fruit, cream colored to greenish, ovate to elliptic, 3–5 mm, narrowed but not sharply contracted basally; gland 1, obscure; pedicel 1–2 cm, bracts often tinged with red, lanceolate, 2–12 mm. Capsules narrowly conic, 10–20 mm.


Phenology: Flowering mid Mar–Jul.
Habitat: Pine bogs, flatlands
Elevation: 0–1800 m

Distribution

V26 75-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Del., Fla., Ga., Ky., La., Miss., N.J., N.Y., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

As treated here, Zigadenus densus includes Z. leimanthoides (W. W. McDearman 1984). These two entities are distinct in some parts of the range, but intergrade in size, inflorescence morphology, and flowering time in the Gulf coast region. The size of the plant (determined by age and environment) seems to affect inflorecence morphology, smaller plants bearing simple racemes and larger plants developing compound ones. Plants in more mountainous habitats develop paniculate inflorescences. Recognition of the two taxa at the varietal level may eventually be desirable.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broad" is not a number."thicker" is not a number.

... more about "Zigadenus densus"
introrse +, extrorse +  and transverse +
reniform +
Fayla C. Schwartz +
(Desrousseaux) Fernald +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
dilated +
Melanthium densum +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
tinged with red +
lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
membranous +
not clumped +
0.5cm +  and 2cm +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Osceola’s plume +, black snakeroot +, crow poison +  and pine-barren death camas +
Ala. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ky. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
0–1800 m +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
staminate +  and pedicellate +
protandrous +  and bisexual +
loculicidal +  and septicidal +
membranaceous +  and leathery +
Pine bogs, flatlands +
paniculate +  and racemose +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +  and 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
persistent +
many;several +
ascending +  and spreading +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
cream colored +  and greenish or red tinged +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flowering mid Mar–Jul. +
tapering +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
contractile +
ellipsoid +
wind-distributed +
2 +  and 20 +
flattened +  and elongate +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
adnate +  and free +
staminodial +
rudimentary +
barely larger +
Amianthium angustifolium +, Amianthium texanum +, Helonias angustifolia +, Oceanoros leimanthoides +, Tracyanthus angustifolius +, Tracyanthus angustifolius var. texanus +, Tracyanthus texanus +, Zigadenus angustifolius +  and Zigadenus leimanthoides +
Zigadenus densus +
Zigadenus +
species +
cream colored;greenish +
persistent +
narrowed +, ovate +  and elliptic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
rhizomatous +, bulbous +  and subscapose +
3 +  and 2 +
26 +, 11 +  and 8 +