Ferocactus hamatacanthus var. sinuatus

(A. Dietrich) L. D. Benson

Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 41: 128. 1969.

Basionym: Echinocactus sinuatus A. Dietrich Allg. Gartenzeitung 19: 345. 1851
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 247. Mentioned on page 220, 246.
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Stems spheric to ovoid, 10–30 × 7.5–20 cm; ribs typically 13, undulate to deeply crenate. Spines 12–16 per areole; central spines 4 per areole, principal central spine strongly flattened, 50–90 × 1.3–3 mm, sometimes ± papery. Flowers 6–7.5 × 7–9 cm; stigma lobes 8–10. Fruits green, yellow-green, or olive, 20–25 × 10–15 mm. Seeds ca. 1 mm.


Phenology: Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat: Tamaulipan thorn scrub
Elevation: 0-500 m

Distribution

V4 452-distribution-map.gif

Tex., Mexico (Nuevo León), Mexico (Tamaulipas)

Discussion

Contrary to L. D. Benson’s (1982) map of Ferocactus hamatacanthus, all populations in southern Texas are var. sinuatus. The southern Texas populations form a geographically cohesive taxon superficially similar to Hamatocactus bicolor in their narrow ribs and overall green aspect unlike the coarse, strongly xerophytic F. hamatacanthus var. hamatacanthus farther west. Only the populations in the lower Pecos River region might be intermediates between vars. sinuatus and hamatacanthus.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
cushionlike +
blunt +, ovoid +  and cylindric +
circular to linear +
deciduous +  and persistent +
connected +
nearly circular +  and oblong or elliptic +
slender +
Allan D. Zimmerman +  and Bruce D. Parfitt +
(A. Dietrich) L. D. Benson +
hardened +
Echinocactus sinuatus +
triangular +
smooth +  and weakly annulate +
hooked +, terete +  and strongly flattened +
proliferating +
flattened +  and cylindric +
not mucilaginous +
Tex. +, Mexico (Nuevo León) +  and Mexico (Tamaulipas) +
0-500 m +
not separating +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
tubular +, urceolate +  and salverform +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br />) +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
olive;yellow-green;olive;yellow-green;green +
indehiscent +
persistent +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
cylindric +, ovoid +  and spheric +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Tamaulipan thorn scrub +
deciduous +  and persistent +
rudimentary +
flat +  and terete +
nearly +  and microscopic +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
30mm +  and 130mm +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
obtuse +, denticulate +  and fimbriate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
Flowering late summer–fall. +
not mucilaginous +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) +
, +  and whitish +
prominent +  and poorly defined +
undulate +  and deeply crenate +
broadly rounded +  and lanceolate +
arillate +  and strophiolate +
0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br /> (0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br />) +
dark-brown +  and black +
0.4mm;12mm +
spheric;subreniform +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
radial +  and cluster +
straw colored +  and pinkish brown +
straight +  and curved +
deciduous +  and persistent +
12 (?) +  and 16 (?) +
annulate-ridged +, hairlike +, daggerlike +, subulate +  and acicular +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
hard +  and rigid +
decurrent +
unsegmented +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
spheric +  and ovoid +
succulent +
7.5cm;20cm +
0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
adventitious +
tuberlike +
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Ferocactus hamatacanthus var. sinuatus +
Ferocactus hamatacanthus +
variety +
straight +
distinct +
reticulate +  and pitted +
flat +, concave +  and convex +
dull +  and glossy +
annulate-ridged +
branched +  and unbranched +
epiphytic;epiphytic;epiphytic +
leaning +  and erect +
barrel-shaped +  and spheric +