Oxalis dillenii

Jacquin

Oxalis, 28. 1794.

Common names: Common yellow wood-sorrel
WeedyEndemic
Synonyms: Oxalis corniculata var. dillenii (Jacquin) Trelease O. dillenii var. radicans Shinners O. florida subsp. prostrata (Haworth) Lourteig O. lyonii Pursh O. prostrata Haworth Xanthoxalis dillenii (Jacquin) Holub
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 140. Mentioned on page 137, 139, 142, 143, 144.
Revision as of 17:26, 29 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Herbs perennial, caulescent, rhizomes present (sometimes appearing taprootlike), stolons absent, bulbs absent. Aerial stems (1–) 2–8 from base, erect initially, often becoming decumbent or prostrate and stolonlike, rarely rooting at nodes, 10–25 cm, usually herbaceous, sometimes becoming woody proximally, densely and evenly strigillose to strigose from base to peduncles and pedicels, hairs straight, antrorsely appressed, nonseptate, sharp-pointed. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules oblong, margins narrowly flanged or without free portions, apical auricles absent; petiole 1–4 cm, hairs nonseptate; leaflets 3, green, obcordate, (4–) 6–15 (–21) mm, lobed 1/5–1/3 length, abaxial surface sparsely strigillose, adaxial surface glabrous, oxalate deposits absent. Inflorescences usually umbelliform cymes, rarely irregular cymes, 1–3 (–8) -flowered; peduncles 1–6 (–10) cm. Flowers mostly homostylous; sepal apices without tubercles; petals yellow, without red lines, (2.5–) 4–8 mm. Capsules angular-cylindric, abruptly tapering to apex, 12–20 (–25) mm, densely strigose-pilose, hairs both appressed and spreading, with puberulent understory. Seeds brown, transverse ridges with strong grayish or white lines. 2n = 18, 20, 22, 24.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–May(–Oct).
Habitat: Pastures, roadsides, lawns, river bottoms, sandy, rocky, or gravelly soils.
Elevation: 0–300 m.

Distribution

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B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., in Bermuda, Europe

Discussion

Decumbent stems of Oxalis dillenii often appear stolonlike, producing erect branches and leaves at the nodes, rarely producing a few adventitious roots. Such plants sometimes are misidentified as O. corniculata, but they differ in their overall habit, stems and rhizomes that become woody, reduced stipules, strigillose cauline vestiture, denser fruit vestiture, and seed color. Plants of O. dillenii in Canada and the western United States appear to be adventive.

Plants of Oxalis dillenii flowering into November and December in Texas and North Carolina, and probably elsewhere, characteristically are depressed in habit, with creeping stems and forming matlike colonies. The corollas are small, with petals 2.5–3 mm. Although similar in habit to typical O. corniculata, these plants do not have stems that root at nodes, and the strigillose vestiture, though reduced in density, and the stipule morphology are like O. dillenii. Whether these are the same genotype as spring-flowering plants or a different entity remains to be investigated. At least some of the variability in O. dillenii, particularly in habit, may be genetically partitioned, as dysploid chromosome races apparently exist.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"alternating" is not a number."/5" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Oxalis dillenii"
24 +, 22 +, 20 +  and 18 +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> - ? +
Guy L. Nesom +
Jacquin +
subpalmate +  and pinnate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> +
strigose-pilose +
tapering +  and angular-cylindric +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> - 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> +
taprooted +  and fibrous-rooted +
Common yellow wood-sorrel +
1-3 - -8-flowered +  and umbelliform +
B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, in Bermuda +  and Europe +
0–300 m. +
Pastures, roadsides, lawns, river bottoms, sandy, rocky, or gravelly soils. +
straight +
sharp-pointed +
axillary +  and terminal +
whorled +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br /> +
lobed +  and obcordate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> - 1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> +
white +, grayish +, strong +  and red +
without free portions +  and flanged +
orange +  and black +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> - 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> +
connate +  and distinct +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> - 0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> +
Flowering Feb–May - –Oct. +
connate +  and distinct +
Weedy +  and Endemic +
free +  and connate +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
evenly strigillose +  and strigose +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> - 25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> +
distinct +
Oxalis corniculata var. dillenii +, O. dillenii var. radicans +, O. florida subsp. prostrata +, O. lyonii +, O. prostrata +  and Xanthoxalis dillenii +
Oxalis dillenii +
species +