Hybanthus concolor

(T. F. Forster) Sprengel

Syst. Veg. 1: 805. 1824.

Common names: Eastern green-violet
Endemic
Basionym: Viola concolor T. F. Forster Trans. Linn. Soc. 6: 309, plate 28. 1802
Synonyms: Cubelium concolor (T. F. Forster) Rafinesque ex Britton & A. Brown
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 109. Mentioned on page 108, 110.
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Plants subshrubs, perennial, 30–80 (–100) cm, from thick rhizome with fibrous-roots. Stems 1 or several-clustered, erect, simple, usually hairy, sometimes glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves: proximal and distal alternate, petiolate, distalmost sessile or nearly so; stipules narrowly elliptic to linear or lanceolate, (0.5–) 4–25 (–30) mm, sparsely hirsute; petiole 6–20 mm; blade elliptic or oblanceolate, 6.5–17 × 1.5–6 cm, base attenuate or acuminate, margins entire or sparsely serrate, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute to long-acuminate, surfaces usually strigose and/or sericeous, sometimes glabrous, trichomes scattered throughout or concentrated along outer margins, veins, or petiole. Inflorescences 1–3-flowered; peduncle recurved at anthesis, becoming erect, 5–23 mm, pilose; bracteoles present. Flowers: sepals often spreading from corolla, linear to linearlanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, apex acute; petals: upper and laterals greenish white, oblong, 3.5–5 mm, margins usually with scattered cilia, apex usually truncate and recurved, glabrous; lowest greenish white, 4–5.5 mm, claw 0–1 × 3–4 mm, usually longer and wider than others, distal limb oblong, ± flat to convex, 3–5 mm wide, apex retuse, sometimes rounded, usually glabrous; cleistogamous flowers, when present, from axils of distal leaves. Capsules oblong to ellipsoid, (8–) 15–20 mm. Seeds 6–9, white to cream, globose to broadly ovoid, (3–) 4–7 mm. 2n = 48.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–early Jul.
Habitat: Rich, limestone soil and talus in woodlands, slopes, ravines
Elevation: 100–1000 m

Distribution

V6 189-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

R. E. Brooks and R. L. McGregor (1986) reported that no cleistogamous flowers have been seen on plants of Hybanthus concolor collected in the Great Plains. It is believed extinct in Connecticut and is listed as endangered in Florida.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number.

... more about "Hybanthus concolor"
rounded;retuse;acute;acute;long-acuminate +
R. John Little +
(T. F. Forster) Sprengel +
acuminate +  and attenuate +
Viola concolor +
overlapping +
6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
oblanceolate +  and elliptic +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
oblong +  and ellipsoid +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
usually longer and wider;3mm;4mm +
Eastern green-violet +
less flat +  and convex +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
nearly +  and sessile +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
ovoid +  and spheroid +
100–1000 m +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
cleistogamous +
3-valved +  and capsular +
loculicidal +
Rich, limestone soil and talus in woodlands, slopes, ravines +
stoloniferous +, rhizomatous +, taprooted +  and simple +
ovate +, orbiculate +, oblong +, elliptic +, angular-deltate +  and narrowed +
serrate +  and entire +
eciliate +  and ciliate +
syngenesious +
crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
erect +  and recurved +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
greenish white +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–early Jul. +
[2-]3[-5]-carpellate +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
unbranched +  and branched +
subligneous +  and fleshy +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
white;cream +
globose;broadly ovoid +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
not auriculate +
subequal +
longitudinal +
elongated +
gibbous +
persistent +
subglabrous +, glabrous +  and hairy +
not adnate +
narrowly elliptic;linear +
hollow +  and solid +
enlarged +
glabrous +, sericeous +  and strigose +
Cubelium concolor +
Hybanthus concolor +
Hybanthus +
species +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
homophyllous +  and caulescent +
perennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
hairy +  and glabrous +