Hesperis matronalis

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 663. 1753.

Common names: Dame’s-rocket rocket dame’s-violet
WeedyIntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 562.
Revision as of 11:32, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Stems unbranched basally, often branched distally, 4–8 (–11) dm, often eglandular, glabrous distally. Basal leaves withered by flowering, long-petiolate. Cauline leaves short-petiolate; blade narrowly oblong, lanceolate, or broadly ovate, (2–) 4–15 (–20) cm × (4–) 8–40 (–60) mm, base cuneate, margins denticulate or entire, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces pubescent. Fruiting pedicels (5–) 7–17 (–25) mm. Flowers: sepals 5–8 × 1.5–2 mm; petals (13–) 15–20 (–22) × 3.5–9 mm, claw 6–12 mm; filaments 2.5–6 mm; anthers 2.5–4 mm. Fruits (4–) 6–10 (–14) cm × 2–2.5 mm. Seeds (2.5–) 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat: Gardens, roadsides, oak glades, waste areas, bluffs, floodplains, abandoned fields, railroad embankments, thickets, woodland
Elevation: 0-2200 m

Distribution

V7 904-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., se Europe, c, sw Asia, n Africa, also in South America (Argentina), also in South America (Chile)

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Hesperis matronalis"
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
acuminate +  and acute +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
Linnaeus +
cuneate +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
not auriculate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
pinnatifid +  and dentate +
ovate;lanceolate;ovate;lanceolate;oblong +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
differentiated +
Dame’s-rocket +, rocket +  and dame’s-violet +
emarginate +  and entire +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, se Europe +, c +, sw Asia +, n Africa +, also in South America (Argentina) +  and also in South America (Chile) +
0-2200 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
slender +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
torulose +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Gardens, roadsides, oak glades, waste areas, bluffs, floodplains, abandoned fields, railroad embankments, thickets, woodland +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
entire;denticulate +
lunar +  and annular +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
purple +, lavender +  and white +
15mm;20mm +
rudimentary +
obovate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Jul. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
bracteate;ebracteate +
stout +  and slender +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, biseriate +  and uniseriate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
Weedy +, Introduced +  and Illustrated +
tetradynamous +
eglandular +, branched +  and unbranched +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
Cruciferae +
Hesperis matronalis +
Hesperis +
species +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
anastomosing +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +