Castilleja nervata

Eastwood

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 574. 1909.

Conservation concern
Synonyms: Castilleja cruenta Standley
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 634. Mentioned on page 579, 652.

Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, 3–6 (–10) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. Stems solitary or few, ascending to erect, straight, unbranched or branched, hairs dense, spreading, long, stiff, eglandular, mixed with deflexed, short-stipitate-glandular ones. Leaves green to purple-tinged, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1.5–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 0-lobed, apex rounded to acute. Inflorescences 3–16 × 2–4.5 cm; bracts proximally green to deep purple, distally red to red-orange or orange, sometimes with a pale medial band, lanceolate to oblanceolate to ovate or obovate, 0 (–3) -lobed; lobes when present upright, ± triangular, short, arising from distal portion, apex obtuse to rounded or truncate. Calyces proximally light green, distally deep green, deep purple, or blackish, 15–24 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9 mm, 25–45% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–0.5 mm, 0–3% of calyx length; lobes oblong, sometimes emarginate, apex obtuse, rounded, or obliquely truncate. Corollas straight, 15–24 mm; tube 11–13 mm; subequal to calyx or tip slightly exserted; beak adaxially whitish to pinkish, 5–11 mm; abaxial lip pale to deep green, reduced, 1–2 mm, 10–20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, 1–2.5 mm. 2n = 24, 48.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Sep.
Habitat: Dry south-facing rocky slopes with scattered bunchgrasses and oaks, cliff bases, mesa tops, open pine-oak woodlands, rocky savannas.
Elevation: 1800–2400 m.

Distribution

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Ariz., Mexico (Aguascalientes), Mexico (Chihuahua), Mexico (Colima), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (Guerrero), Mexico (Jalisco), Mexico (México), Mexico (Michoacán), Mexico (Morelos), Mexico (Nayarit), Mexico (Oaxaca), Mexico (Puebla), Mexico (Sonora), Mexico (Veracruz)

Discussion

Castilleja nervata is a common and widespread Mexican species, from northern Chihuahua and Sonora south to central Oaxaca. It has medicinal value to indigenous peoples of the Sierra Madre. In the flora area, C. nervata is known from a single, presumably extant population in the Chiricahua Mountains in Cochise County, though there are historical records from the Rincon and Santa Rita mountains. The sole recently verified population is on private property and is endangered.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Castilleja nervata"
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> - 0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> +
pale +  and deep green +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
truncate +, rounded +, obtuse +  and acute +
J. Mark Egger +, Peter F. Zika +, Barbara L. Wilson +, Richard E. Brainerd +  and Nick Otting +
Eastwood +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> - 1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> +
not +, leathery +  and fleshy +
proximally green;deep purple distally red +
0 - -3-lobed +, lanceolate +  and oblanceolate +
blackish +, purple +, deep +, green +  and light green +
2-lobed +, lobed +  and tubular +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br /> +
taprooted;fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous +
fleshy +  and woody +
purple +, pink +, red +, orange +, yellow +, white +, green +  and pale greenish +
divided +  and tubular +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br /> +
arising +  and upright +
arising +  and upright +
Ariz. +, Mexico - Aguascalientes +, Mexico - Chihuahua +, Mexico - Colima +, Mexico - Durango +, Mexico - Guerrero +, Mexico - Jalisco +, Mexico - México +, Mexico - Michoacán +, Mexico - Morelos +, Mexico - Nayarit +, Mexico - Oaxaca +, Mexico - Puebla +, Mexico - Sonora +  and Mexico - Veracruz +
1800–2400 m. +
spreading-hairy +  and glabrous +
2 +  and 1 +
indehiscent +, septicidal +, loculicidal +  and dehiscence +
Dry south-facing rocky slopes with scattered bunchgrasses and oaks, cliff bases, mesa tops, open pine-oak woodlands, rocky savannas. +
stipitate-glandular +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> - 16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br /> +
axillary +  and terminal +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> +
spiral +, whorled +, alternate +  and opposite +
green +  and purple-tinged +
deciduous +
basal +  and cauline +
linear-lanceolate;broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> +
not fleshy +
3 - ? +, 2 - ? +  and 4 - ? +
oblong +, obtuse +  and rounded or truncate +
subequal +
0-lobed +  and plane +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
campylotropous-like +
Flowering Aug–Sep. +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
stramineous +
20 +  and 100 +
trapezoidal +, oblong-ovoid +, pyramidal +  and ovoid +
Conservation concern +
non-secund +  and secund +
elongate +
subequal +
branched +  and unbranched +
straight +
sprawling +  and prostrate +
aerial +  and subterranean +
ascending +  and erect +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not fleshy +
2-lobed +  and entire +
Castilleja cruenta +
Castilleja nervata +
Castilleja +
species +
exserted +
shallow;deep +
reduced +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> +
subequal +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> - 1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> +
subshrub +  and herb +