familyFumariaceae
genusDicentra
speciesDicentra canadensis

Dicentra canadensis

(Goldie) Walpers

Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 118. 1842.

Kingsley R. Stern
Common names: Squirrel-corn dicentre du Canada
Endemic
Basionym: Corydalis canadensis Goldie Edinburgh Philos. J. 6: 329. 1822
Synonyms: Bicuculla canadensis (Goldie) Millspaugh
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Plants perennial, scapose, from short rootstocks bearing yellow, globose bulblets. Leaves (10-) 14-24 (-30) × (4-) 6-14 (-18) cm; petiole (5-) 8-16 (-22) cm; blade with 4 orders of leaflets and lobes; abaxial surface glaucous; ultimate lobes linear to linear-elliptic or linear-obovate, (2-) 5-15 (-23) × (0.4-) 2-4 mm, usually minutely apiculate. Inflorescences racemose, 3-12-flowered, usually exceeding leaves, (10-) 15-27 (-33) cm; bracts ovate, 2-5 × 1-3 mm. Flowers pendent, very fragrant; pedicels (2-) 3-7 (-14) mm; sepals triangular to ovate, 2-4 × 1-2 mm, apex acuminate; petals white; outer petals (10-) 12-16 (-20) × (2-) 4-5 (-8) mm, reflexed portion 3-5 mm; inner petals (10-) 12-15 (-18) mm, blade 2-4 mm, claw linear-elliptic, 5-9 mm, crest prominent, ca. 2 mm diam., exceeding apex by ca. 2 mm; filaments of each bundle distinct nearly to base; nectariferous tissue forming 0.5-1 mm spur oriented vertically; style 4-7 mm; stigma shallowly 2-horned with 2 lateral papillae. Capsules ovoid, attenuate at both ends, (5-) 9-13 (-17) × 3-6 mm. Seeds slightly reniform, very obscurely reticulate, elaiosome present.


Phenology: Flowering early–late spring.
Habitat: Deciduous woods, often among rock outcrops, in rich loam soils
Elevation: 0-1500 m

Distribution

V3 1085-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Que., Conn., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

See discussion under the following species.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Dicentra canadensis"
RDF feed
Abaxial median crest architecture
hollow +
Abaxial median crest relief
wrinkled +
Abaxial median crest texture
membranous +
Abaxial surface pubescence
glaucous +
Anther arrangement
connivent +
Apex shape
acuminate +
Apical horn quantity
2 (8) +
Author
Kingsley R. Stern +
Authority
(Goldie) Walpers +
Base shape
swollen +
Basionyms
Corydalis canadensis +
Blade some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Bract length
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Bract presence
absent +
Bract shape
ovate +
Bract width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Bulblet coloration
Yellow (?) +
Bulblet shape
globose +
Bundle filament fusion
distinct +
Bundle quantity
2 +
Capsule architecture
2-valved +
Capsule dehiscence
dehiscent +  and indehiscent +
Capsule shape
attenuate +  and ovoid +
Claw arrangement or shape
linear-elliptic +
Claw shape
linear-oblong +  and oblanceolate +
Claw some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Common name
Squirrel-corn +  and dicentre du Canada +
Corolla shape
cordate +  and oblong +
Crest diameter
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Crest prominence
prominent +
Distribution
Ont. +, Que. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
Elaiosome presence
absent +
Elevation
0-1500 m +
End atypical length
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
End length
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
End width
3mm;6mm +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower odor
fragrant +
Flower orientation
pendent +
Flower quantity
1 +
Flower shape
each +  and plane +
Fruit architecture
capsular +
Fruit arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Fruit dehiscence
dehiscent +  and indehiscent +
Habitat
Deciduous woods, often among rock outcrops, in rich loam soils +
Horn quantity
2 (?) +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
3-12-flowered +
Inflorescence arrangement
racemose +
Inflorescence atypical some measurement
27 cm270 mm <br />0.27 m <br /> (33 cm330 mm <br />0.33 m <br />) +
Inflorescence position
terminal +, leaf-opposed +, extra-axillary +  and axillary +
Inflorescence some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (27 cm270 mm <br />0.27 m <br />) +
Inner petal atypical some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Inner petal fusion
connate +
Inner petal shape
clawed +
Inner petal some measurement
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Inner petal variability
alike +
Lateral anther architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Lateral papilla quantity
2 +
Leaf architecture
compound +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf atypical length
24 cm240 mm <br />0.24 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Leaf atypical width
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
Leaf length
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (24 cm240 mm <br />0.24 m <br />) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf width
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
Lobe quantity
2 (?) +
Margin shape
serrate +, crenate +  and entire +
Median anther architecture or structure in adjective form
2-locular +
Nectariferous tissue orientation
oriented +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Order architecture
odd-pinnate +
Order quantity
4 (?) +
Outer petal arrangement
adjacent +
Outer petal atypical length
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Outer petal atypical width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Outer petal length
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Outer petal quantity
3 +, both +  and 1 +
Outer petal shape
keeled +, spurred +  and swollen +
Outer petal variability
dissimilar +  and alike +
Outer petal width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary shape
obovoid;narrowly cylindric +
Pedicel atypical some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Peduncle presence
absent +
Petal coloration
white +
Petal fusion
connate +  and coherent +
Petal quantity
4 +
Petal texture
not spongy +
Petiole atypical some measurement
16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
Petiole some measurement
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering early–late spring. +
Pistil architecture
2-carpellate +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Placenta arrangement
parietal +
Plane orientation
perpendicular +
Plane quantity
2 +
Portion orientation
reflexed +
Portion some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Publication title
Repert. Bot. Syst. +
Publication year
1842 +
Reference
None +
Rootstock height or length or size
short +
Sap coloration
clear +
Seed architecture or coloration or relief
reticulate +
Seed quantity
few;many +
Seed shape
reniform +
Seed size
small +
Sepal duration
caducous +
Sepal length
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Sepal quantity
2 +
Sepal shape
triangular +  and ovate +
Sepal width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 1085.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Spur some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
6 +
Stem architecture
hollow +, branching +  and simple +
Stem growth form
climbing +  and prostrate +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stigma duration
persistent +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stigma shape
2-horned +
Stigmatic surface shape
papillar +
Style shape
thread-like +
Style some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +
Style texture
rigid +
Surface pubescence
glaucous +  and glabrous +
Synonyms
Bicuculla canadensis +
Taxon family
Fumariaceae +
Taxon name
Dicentra canadensis +
Taxon parent
Dicentra +
Taxon rank
species +
Ultimate lobe architecture or shape
apiculate +
Ultimate lobe arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Ultimate lobe atypical length
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
Ultimate lobe atypical width
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Ultimate lobe length
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Ultimate lobe shape
linear-obovate +  and linear-elliptic +
Ultimate lobe width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Whole organism architecture
scapose +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whorl quantity
2 +
X chromosome quantity
8 +